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Green Chemistry Introduction:
What is Chemistry? What does
Defining Green Chemistry What is Chemistry? What does
chemistry mean to you? Do
chemistry mean to you? Do
you think of good things or bad
Have students work in pairs for 30 seconds to come up you think of good things or bad
things? Who has heard of
with a definition for green chemistry. Break down the things? Who has heard of
companies going green? What
meaning of both words. companies going green? What
does that mean?
does that mean?
Establish that Chemistry is the science of making
products.
Eco-friendly, good for the environment, sustainable. Chemists make “stuff,” like
Chemists make “stuff,” like
materials and medicines. Green
materials and medicines. Green
chemistry is pollution
chemistry is pollution
prevention at the molecular
What do Chemists do? prevention at the molecular
level, the basic design stage.
level, the basic design stage.
So what is it that green
So what is it that green
Use wait time . Build off of their prior knowledge. chemists do?
chemists do?
Acknowledge student responses and prompt them for
more information. Control the conversation by asking for
a certain number of answers.
Is there anything in this room
Is there anything in this room
Chemists are inventors. They help to design just about that a chemist invented? What
that a chemist invented? What
about the desks, paint, floor,
every product out there. about the desks, paint, floor,
etc.
etc.
Traditionally chemists were not taught about the
Who has taken medicine? Does
environmental impact or toxicology. We have had many Who has taken medicine? Does
anyone use an iPod or an mp3
advances and helpful inventions but we have also had anyone use an iPod or an mp3
player? What about a computer
inventions that have caused harm to the environment. player? What about a computer
or a cell phone?
Green chemists design products taking into account the or a cell phone?
entire process, energy efficiency, renewable resources,
the product itself along with the end-of-life impact of the
product.
How can we learn from the
How can we learn from the
natural world?
Set the Scene: natural world?
Connect the Dots & Introduce the Activity Topic What does “bio” mean?
What does “bio” mean?
Like in biology the study of life.
Connect the dots for them: they are the future scientists Like in biology the study of life.
And mimic, who can tell me
And mimic, who can tell me
who will help to discover and invent the solutions to the what that means?
what that means?
environmental challenges. If you mimic something you are
If you mimic something you are
copying.
copying.
Introduce Biomimicry.
Scientists have figured out that the natural world has the
most efficient processes on Earth. Learning how to
manufacture or create products that mimic how nature
operates is called biomimicry.
(c) 2010 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
Yes, biomimicry is learning from nature how to design Can you identify any links
products that are sustainable. This aligns with green Can you identify any links
between green chemistry
chemistry closely because that is what green chemists between green chemistry
and biomimicry?
and biomimicry?
are trying to do.
Could we consider animals
Could we consider animals
and plants to be green
and plants to be green
chemists?
chemists?
How do spiders catch their
How do spiders catch their
food? Spiders use a “glue”
food? Spiders use a “glue”
to coat their webs and
to coat their webs and
catch their prey.
catch their prey.
Scientists are studying the
Scientists are studying the
process of this natural glue
process of this natural glue
for human use.
for human use.
We are going to break the class into groups of 4
students. Each group will receive a set of flashcards.
Match the images of the technology or product with
corresponding the animals or plants it was inspired by.
What do you know about
What do you know about
the animals? What traits
the animals? What traits
Ask each group to share out one match and why they may be useful for any of
may be useful for any of
the items? Think about
matched them. Guide them as they answer and review the items? Think about
shape, function or special
the points of lessons learned from nature for each shape, function or special
abilities.
technology briefly. abilities.
(c) 2010 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
Biomimicry Matching Game Key
How else could we
Kangaroo Landfill How else could we
learn from nature?
learn from nature?
There are so many
Blue Mussel Toxin-free waterproof glue There are so many
techniques and
techniques and
processes that we
Termite Electrcity-free air- processes that we
can learn from.
conditioned buildings can learn from.
Which creature is
Which creature is
Gecko Velcro already making an
already making an
incredibly strong
incredibly strong
natural glue?
Chimpanzee New sources of natural natural glue?
That’s right the
medicines That’s right the
blue mussel.
blue mussel.
Shark Faster boats and
submarines
Blue Morpho Butterfly Toxin-free paints
What is the purpose of glue? As green chemists today
As green chemists today
To create a bond between two materials. you will create your own
you will create your own
glue. What do you know
glue. What do you know
Explain that synthetic is human made. about glue or adhesives?
about glue or adhesives?
Can you identify any
Introduce polymerization using the analogy of chain. Each Can you identify any
products that use
section represents the monomer. products that use
adhesives? How about the
adhesives? How about the
windows? How does the
windows? How does the
glass stay in place?
glass stay in place?
Synthetic adhesives are
Synthetic adhesives are
made by people and found
made by people and found
in tape, shoes, assembling
in tape, shoes, assembling
cars, airplanes, houses.
cars, airplanes, houses.
There are three processes
There are three processes
when making adhesives.
when making adhesives.
Let’s think about them
Let’s think about them
briefly.
briefly.
(c) 2010 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
Solution polymerization. (Show image)
- Uses hazardous solvents/chemicals called VOC’s or
Is there anything about this
volatile organic compounds which can escape into the air Is there anything about this
process that doesn’t fit
and harm the animals, plants and people. VOC’s also process that doesn’t fit
with green chemistry?
stay in the groundwater or air for a long time. with green chemistry?
There are better processes.
Uses high amounts of energy. There are better processes.
Let’s look at them.
Let’s look at them.
Soap and water is this a
Soap and water is this a
safer process? Is the
safer process? Is the
process energy intensive?
Emulsion polymerization: (Show image) process energy intensive?
Uses soap and water.
Uses much safer chemicals.
Where have you heard the
Where have you heard the
term UV before? Ultra
term UV before? Ultra
violet rays come from the
violet rays come from the
sun. How does this process
UV polymerization: (Show image) sun. How does this process
compare to the others?
Doesn’t use any solvents. compare to the others?
Uses much safer chemicals.
(c) 2010 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
Which animal from the game
Which animal from the game
is helping scientists design a
is helping scientists design a
better glue?
Improvements can still be made with adhesives. better glue?
Is the blue mussel using safe
Let’s think about how the Biomimicry examples could Is the blue mussel using safe
materials?
help us as green chemists. What do we need to materials?
Does the blue mussel hold
consider? Does the blue mussel hold
up against strong waves?
up against strong waves?
The blue mussel isn’t
Green chemistry technology considers 3 criteria: The blue mussel isn’t
spending any money but it
Safety, Cost and Performance spending any money but it
uses its own resources
uses its own resources
wisely.
wisely.
1. Let’s make our own glue!
2. Pass out supplies. Ask students to help with the
Do you recognize any of the
process. This activity works best with groups of 2 Do you recognize any of the
materials in front of you?
students. materials in front of you?
Powdered milk, vinegar etc.
3. Start by adding 30 ml (2 tablespoons) of powdered Powdered milk, vinegar etc.
Would you consider that safe?
milk to the cup. (Instructors may pre-measure the Would you consider that safe?
What about the cost?
What about the cost?
amount or let students measure)
4. Measure 60 ml (¼ cup) of hot water into plastic
beaker. (Instructors may use a hot pot and have one or
two stations at the front of the class for students to Vinegar is used to curdle the
measure the hot water.) Vinegar is used to curdle the
milk (or cross-link in chemical
milk (or cross-link in chemical
5. Add the water to the cup with the powdered milk. terms). When something
terms). When something
6. Add 15 ml (one tablespoon) of vinegar to the mixture speeds up the reaction in
speeds up the reaction in
and stir. science what term do we use?
science what term do we use?
7. Stir with the spoon until the milk is separated well. Vinegar is the catalyst in this
Vinegar is the catalyst in this
step.
step.
8. Now that the milk has started to separate we are going Who can make an
Who can make an
to remove the curd from the whey. observation about what is
observation about what is
9. Place 2 coffee filters together and fold them for happening? Yes, you are
happening? Yes, you are
increased drying and filtering ability. noticing a separation of
noticing a separation of
10. Place the curd on the coffee filters and squeeze any the milk into the curd and
the milk into the curd and
whey. What do we call the
of the excess liquid back into the cup. Dry the curd ball whey. What do we call the
white chunky part?
as much as possible. white chunky part?
(c) 2010 beyondbenign - All rights reserved.
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