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File: Excel Sample Sheet 41662 | 181204emaanalysis 0
sheet 1 introduction advanced clean truck market segment analysis this spreadsheet contains a draft advanced clean trucks act market segment analysis prepared by the truck and engine manufacturers association ema ...

icon picture XLSX Filetype Excel XLSX | Posted on 15 Aug 2022 | 3 years ago
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Sheet 1: Introduction
Advanced Clean Truck Market Segment Analysis

This spreadsheet contains a draft Advanced Clean Trucks (ACT) Market Segment Analysis, prepared by the Truck and Engine Manufacturers Association (EMA). EMA’s member companies include the major medium- and heavy-duty truck and engine manufacturers in North America. EMA and its members have a strong interest in advancing zero-emission trucks in North America, and we recognize California’s leading role in developing the ACT market.

This matrix is a first draft analysis of the suitability of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) for Class 2B through 8 commercial vehicle applications. It represents EMA’s initial view of how vehicle, fleet and infrastructure factors affect the suitability of ZEVs for each market segment. The suitability of ZEVs for a particular market segment, based on each of the listed factors, is roughly assessed with green, yellow and red color coding, and further explained in each cell. The overall suitability scores (i.e., 1 – 5) and the vehicle class categories are explained under the “Codes” tab.

In addition to grading the suitability of ZEVs for each market segment, the matrix identifies the vehicle specifications needed by fleets that operate in each segment. The matrix also identifies whether vehicles in each segment are built complete by EMA members, or built in multiple stages (e.g., completed by a bodybuilder). Finally, the matrix includes estimates of the annual sales for each market segment, based on the overall annual sales in California by weight class. The “CA Sales” tab summarizes those annual California sales volumes. Please note that the sales estimates in the matrix represent the total market for new vehicles in California in each segment, of which some percentage may be converted to ZEVs.

EMA considers this ACT Market Segment Analysis to be a living document. The utility of the matrix will be greatly enhanced with input from CARB, fleets and electricity providers. If you have any questions or comments on the matrix, please do not hesitate to contact Tim Blubaugh at tblubaugh@emamail.org or (312) 929-1972.

Sheet 2: BEV

Battery-Electric Suitability Factors
Suitability Market Segment CA Sales Class Vehicle Specifications Complete/ Incomplete Loading Routes Charging Batteries Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous
3 Beverage Tractor 123 8 Conventional Day Cab Tractor, 4x2 or 6x4, 3800-4600mm wheelbase, 33000-52000 lbs GVWR, 240-450 HP, 750-1650 ft-lb torque I Start at max load, diminish throughout day Fixed, 100 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained Untrained driver (driving is not main job)


2 School Bus - Class C (Longer Rural Routes) 87 4-7 Conventional 4x2,23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel, CNG, LPG and Gasoline C or I Light 125 miles per day Centralized, at night and during the day Open



1 School Bus - Class C (Shorter Urban Routes) 608 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel, CNG, LPG and Gasoline C or I Light <75 miles per day Centralized, at night and during the day Open



3 School Bus - Class C (Special Needs - ADA) 87 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel, CNG, LPG and Gasoline
C or I Light 50-150 miles per day Centralized, at night and during the day Open Mission critical operation


3 School Bus - Class C (Long distance - Field Trip, special Events - just a bus) 87 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel, CNG, LPG and Gasoline C or I Light 125 miles per day Centralized, at night and during the day Open Multiple uses, fixed and flexible routes


3 School Bus - Class Rear Engine (Transit Style) All 226 4-7 Transit Style Rear Engine, 4x2, 32K-37K GVWR, Automatic, 260-300HP/720-860 Ft-lbs. Diesel C or I Light to medium. Higher capacity. Varied Centralized, at night and during the day Open Occassional use on long routes Varies by application

4 Refuse, Automatic Side Loader (ASL), Residential Service 400 8 Class 8 low cabover engine refuse vehicle, 63k GVWR+, 375-425 hp. I Start light, end day at max load Fixed, 75 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained Occasional long routes Hard accel and decel may thermally stress batteries Lower brake maintenance 100% PTO duty cycle
4 Refuse, Front Loader, Commercial or High Density Residential Service 65 8 Class 8 low cabover engine refuse vehicle, 63k GVWR+, 400-475 hp. I Start light, end day at max load Fixed, 100 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained Occasional long routes Lower brake maintenance

4 Refuse, Rear Packer, Residential Service 133 8 Class 8 low cabover engine, or conventional refuse vehicle, 63k GVWR+, 400-475 hp. I Start light, end day at max load Fixed, 75 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained Occasional long routes Typically lower accel and decel rates compared to ASL Lower brake maintenance 100% PTO Duty cycle
3 Refuse Hauler (roll on/roll off) 65 8 Class 8 conventional construction vehicle with typical GVWR from 53 klbs-80klbs., 450-525 hp. I 50% laden, 50% unladen, highly variable from lightly loaded to grossed out. Variable, up to 250 miles per day Centralized, at night Somewhat constrained Limited PTO duty cycle


1 Step Van - Parcel Delivery 1,985 4-7 Walk-in van, 4x2, 3505-7602mm wheelbase, 14990-30000 lbs GVWR, 200-308 HP, 367-660 ft-lb torque I Light Fixed, 50 miles per day Centralized, at night Open



2 Step Van - Municipal Fleet 298 4-7 Walk-in van, 4x2, 3505-7602mm wheelbase, 14990-30000 lbs GVWR, 200-308 HP, 367-660 ft-lb torque I Can be heavy (like electrician or plumber) Can be highly variable, local some days potentially to many sites around municipality in same day Centralized, at night Open Untrained driver (driving is not main job) Can have a need for emergency service (e.g., storms) that force long drives and long hours away from charging

2 H-D Van - Parcel Delivery Class 2B-3) 951 2B-3 Cutaway van. RWD, Class 2b-3, 4x2, deal rear wheels I Light 50-300 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained Medium route variability High fleet management Fast growing segment
2 H-D Van - Parcel Delivery (Class 4,5) 1,985 4-7 Cutaway van. RWD, Class 4-5, 4x2, deal rear wheels I Light 50-300 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained Medium route variability High fleet management Fast growing segment
3 H-D Van - Contractor 11,854 2B-3 Cargo van, RWD, Class 2b-3, 4x2, dual rear wheels C Heavy 50-150 miles per day Some central dispatch, many go with driver o/n Constrained High route variability Low fleet management

2 H-D Van - Shuttle 1,116 2B-3 Step van, RWD, Class 2b-3, 4x2, dual rear wheels I Light 50-300 miles per day Centralized, but 24/7 operation Open Low route variability Medium fleet management

4 H-D Van - Refrigerated 70 2B-3 Box van, RWD, Class 2b-3, 4x2, dual rear wheels I Heavy 200-300 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained Medium route variability Refrigeration reduces range

1 H-D Van - School Bus 70 2B-3 Box van, RWD, Class 2b-3, 4x2, dual rear wheels I Light 65 miles per day Centralized, at night Open Low route variability High fleet management

4 H-D Van - Motor Home 29 2B-3 Cutaway van, RWD, Class 2b-3, 4x2, dual rear wheels I Heavy 300-450 miles per day Dispersed, or infrastructure dependent Constrained High route variability Low fleet management

1 Box Truck - Pickup & Delivery (Fixed Light <100 Miles per Day) 3,075 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Light Variable <100 miles per day Centralized Open



2 Box Truck - Pickup & Delivery (Medium to Heavy Load >100 Miles per Day) 1,538 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Medium to heavy Variable >100 miles per day Centralized Open



4 Box Truck - Pickup & Delivery (Medium to Heavy Load >200 Miles per Day) 1,538 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Medium to heavy Variable >200 miles per day Centralized or remote Open



2 Box Truck - Leasing (Daily Rental) 152 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Light Variable <100 miles per day Centralized or remote Open



1 Box Truck - Leasing (Fixed Customer and Application) 228 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Light to medium Variable <100 miles per day Centralized Open



2 Box Truck - Leasing (Fixed Customer and Application) 228 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Medium to heavy Variable <100 miles per day Centralized Open



2 Box Truck - Leasing (Fixed Customer and Application) 76 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Medium to heavy Variable >100 miles per day Centralized Open



3 Box Truck - Leasing (Fixed Customer and Application) 76 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Medium to heavy Variable >200 miles per day Centralized Open GVWR limited


3 Straight Truck Pickup & Delivery (Heavy Load >100 Miles per Day) 1,069 8 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 6x2 >33K GVWR, Automatic, >300 HP />800 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Heavy Variable >100 miles per day Centralized Open



2 Box Truck - Refrigerated 390 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Medium to heavy load Variable <100 miles per day Centralized Constrained if equipped with diesel TRU



2 Flatbed - Stake/Platform 370 4-7 Conventional or COE, 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Variable Variable Centralized Open



3 Regional Tractor - Short Haul 400 4-7 4x2, 6x4 tractor, 12K/21K-23k axles, day cab, 350-500 hp engine C Variable, up to 80K GCW Variable, <100 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained - short wheelbase 6 to 8 percent grade Multiple shift operations impact charging times
3 Regional Tractor - Short Haul 400 8 6x4 tractor, 12K/40K axles, day cab, 350-500 hp engine C Variable, up to 80K GCW Variable, <100 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained - short wheelbase 6 to 8 percent grade Multiple shift operations impact charging times

4 Regional Tractor - Medium Haul 200 4-7 4x2, 6x4 tractor, 12K/21-23K axles, day cab, 350-500 hp engine C Variable, up to 80K GCW Variable, 100-300 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained, short wheelbase 6 to 8 percent grade Multiple shift operations impact charging times
4 Regional Tractor - Medium Haul 400 8 6x4 tractor, 12K/40K axles, day cab, 350-500 hp engine C Variable, up to 80K GCW Variable, 100-300 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained, short wheelbase 6 to 8 percent grade Multiple shift operations impact charging times

5 Regional Tractor - Long Haul 100 4-7 4x2, 6x4 tractor, 12K/21K-23k / 12K/40K axles, day cab or sleeper cab, 400-500 hp engine C Variable Variable, >200 miles per day Future retail charging network? Constrained - short wheelbase, fairings Long down hill energy dissipation 6 to 8 percent grade Multiple shift operations impact charging times
5 Regional Tractor - Long Haul 300 8 6x4 tractor, 12K/40K axles, day cab or sleeper cab, 400-500 hp engine C Heavy Variable, 200-500+ miles per day Future retail charging network? Constrained Long down hill energy dissipation 6 to 8 percent grade Multiple shift operations impact charging times
4 Port Drayage 120 8 6x4 tractor, day cab, 80K GCWR C Heavy Variable, 100-500 miles per day Variable / Centralized, depending on owner Constrained - short wheelbase Long down hill energy dissipation 6 to 8 percent grade Multiple shift operations impact charging times
4 Pickup Truck - Agriculture 500 2B-3 Class 2b-3
Regular, Super, Crew Cabs
4x4
130" - 200" WB
200-500 hp
200-1000 ft-lbs torque
C or I Variable--dependent on type of agriculture. Assume set routes, <100 miles per day, may have extended idling. Centralized Constrained Likely extended operation


5 Pickup Truck - Contractor 5,000 2B-3 Class 2b-3
Regular, Super, Crew Cabs
4x4
130" - 200" WB
200-500 hp
200-1000 ft-lbs torque
C or I Moderate to heavy Variable Variable Constrained



5 Pickup Truck - Towing 3,000 2B-3 Class 2b-3
Regular, Super, Crew Cabs
4x4
130" - 200" WB
200-500 hp
200-1000 ft-lbs torque
C or I Heavy Variable--expect several will have long distance (~500 mile) routes. Variable Constrained Towing will significantly shorten available EV range. Much larger battery required to go 100-500 miles.

5 Pickup Truck - 4WD Off Road 5,000 2B-3 Class 2b-3
Regular, Super, Crew Cabs
4x4
130" - 200" WB
200-500 hp
200-1000 ft-lbs torque
C or I Light to moderate Variable--expect some will have long distance routes. Variable--off road usage will likely be away from EV grid. Constrained Off-highway usage and extended operation will make charging impossible for extended offroad operation.


5 Pickup Truck - PTO Equipped 1,500 2B-3 Class 2b-3
Regular, Super, Crew Cabs
4x4
130" - 200" WB
200-500 hp
200-1000 ft-lbs torque
C or I Moderate to heavy Assume set routes, <100 miles per day, may have extended idling. Variable Constrained PTO operation will be low mileage but high loads that will deplete the battery when in PTO modes. Much larger battery required to go 100 miles.

5 Line Haul Tractor 500 4-7 4x2 tractor, 12K/21K-23k axles, sleeper cab, 400-500 hp engine C Heavy Variable Variable Open 500+ mile days Long down hill energy dissipation 6 to 8 percent grade Slip-seat operations & team drivers impact charging times
5 Line Haul Tractor 3,000 8 6x4 tractor, 12K/40K axles, sleeper cab, 400-500 hp engine C Heavy Variable Variable Open 500+ mile days Long down hill energy dissipation 6 to 8 percent grade Slip-seat operations & team drivers impact charging times
5 Logging 5 8 6x4 tractor, 14.6K-20k/46K-52k axles, day cab, 400-605 hp engine, 80K-100k+ GCWR C Heavy Variable Variable Constrained, ground clearance Long off-road travel Greater than 6 percent grades High dirt environment
5 Concrete Mixer 70 8 Class 8 Conventional construction vehicle, 66k GCWR and up, 375-450 hp I Typically 50% empty, 5-% grossed out Highly variable Centralized, at night Highly constrained due to body equipment and weight Drum must rotate at all times when laden to avoid concrete curing


5 Concrete Pumper 37 8 Class 8 Low Cab Over Engine, from 4 to 10 axles, 500+ hp I Due to weight of pumping equipment the vehicle is always heavily loaded Highly variable Vehicle may remain at construction site for multiple days Highly constrained Engine runs at high torque/hp while pumping


4 Mining Hauler 15 8 6x4 or larger, day cab, dump truck, very heavy front and rear axles,20k-23k/46k+ I Heavy Fixed Centralized Constrained Long off-road travel High dirt environment

4 Mining Service 15 8 6x4 tractor, day cab, service body C Medium - fixed Variable Centralized Constrained, due to body Long off-road travel


5 Heavy Equipment Transport 110 8 6x4 or larger tractor, 500-605 hp engine, day cab or sleeper cab, heavy front 20k and 46k-52k+ rear axles C Heavy Variable Variable Open Low speed/ high torque plus high load/high speed Down hill heavy load energy dissipation Some off road use at job site
3 Utility/Lube Service 76 4-7 Walk-in van, Conventional Truck, 4x2, 3505-7602mm wheelbase, 14990-30000 lbs GVWR, 200-308 HP, 367-660 ft-lb torque I Can be heavy (like electrician or plumber) Can be highly variable, local some days potentially to many sites around municipality in same day Centralized, at night Open Untrained driver (driving is not main job) Can have a need for emergency service (e.g., storms)

5 Oil Field Rig Mover 14 8 Class 8 heavy haul tractor, 120k+ GCWR, 500-600 hp C Extremely high Highly variable May be enroute/onsite multiple days



5 Oil Field Well Servicing 110 8 Class 7/8 rigid conventional constructions vehicle, 4x2/6x4 with body, tools, and equipment (lift arm, compressor, etc.) I Always loaded at or near GVWR Highly variable Mixed locations, could need to charge during peak times Constrained Many of these vehicles are for off-road use only.


3 Tow/Wrecker 250 4-7 Chassis-cab, duel rear wheels, 4x4 or 4x2 configuration, rear body installed by tow/wrecker upfitter I Variable Variable, <100 miles per day Centralized when not in use Constrained. Need space for bed/hoist and hydraulic mechanisms between the frame rails where batteries would be installed Towing when in use


3 Farm Service - Truck 119 2B-3 Conventional Truck, 4x2, 6x4, 8x4, 8x6, 440-8407mm wheelbase, 2600-8800 lbs GVWR, 200-560 HP, 520-1850 ft-lb torque I Heavy (almost like a dump truck) Fixed, but can be long distance from farm to city Centralized but in rural area at night Open Untrained driver (driving is not main job) May be restricted on weight due to heavy produce and need to operate in ag fields

4 Farm Service - Tractor 90 8 Conventional Day Cab Tractor, 6x4, 4575-6223 mm wheelbase, 26000-87240 lbs GVWR, 190-600 HP, 495-1850 ft-lb torque C Heavy (almost like a dump truck) Fixed, but can be long distance from farm to city Centralized but in rural area at night Constrained (short wheelbase) Untrained driver (driving is not main job) May be restricted on weight due to heavy produce and need to operate in ag fields

3 Tanker Truck - Liquids or Gases 44 8 Conventional Truck, 4x2, 6x4, 3900-9000 mm wheelbase, 19000-60000 lbs GVWR, 200-505 HP, 520-1850 ft-lb torque I Start at max load, may diminish throughout day Fixed, but can be long distance from depot to destination Centralized, at night Constrained due to effort to maximize payload May operate as haz mat, which may restrict max voltage (unknown)


4 Car Carrier - Class 8 123 8 6x4, 80K GVWR, Automatic, 400-450 HP/1400-1700 Ft-lbs. Diesel I High Variable Variable Constrained



3 Car Carrier - Class 6/7 (Roll Back) 150 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 23K-37K GVWR, Automatic, 260-300HP/720-860 Ft-lbs. Diesel I Variable Variable, local Centralized Constrained Variable origin and destination pairs


4 Utility Service - Private (Class 8) 87 8 Conventional 6x2, 6x4,6x6, 20K-50K GVWR, 200-450HP/520-1800 ft-lbs. Diesel I







4 Utility Service - Private (Class 6-7) 143 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 23K-37K GVWR, Automatic, 260-300HP/720-860 Ft-lbs. Diesel I High Variable Variable + remote Constrained Extended remote operation Mission critical Extended operation off road
4 Utility Service - Private Trouble Truck (Class 4-5) 277 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 4x4, 14K-19.5K GVWR, Automatic, 280-400 Hp/400-750 Ft-lbs. Gasoline or Diesel I Medium to heavy Variable Variable + remote Constrained Extended remote operation Mission critical

4 Utility Service - Public (Class 8) 87 8 Conventional 6x2, 6x4,6x6, 20K-50K GVWR, 200-450HP/520-1800 ft-lbs. Diesel I







4 Utility Service - Public (Class 6-7) 143 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 4x4, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel I High Variable Variable Constrained Extended remote operation Mission critical Extended operation off road
4 Utility Service - Public (Class 4-5) 277 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 4x4, 14K-19.5K GVWR, Automatic, 280-400 Hp/400-750 Ft-lbs. Gasoline or Diesel I Medium to heavy Variable Variable Constrained Extended remote operation Mission critical

4 Recreational Vehicle 2,500 4-7 Either stripped chassis (Class A) or cutaway (Class C), RWD, 4x2, dual rear wheels, custom body I Variable Expected long distance routes Non-centralized Open Likely towing


1 Airport Service 1,167 2B-3 Class 3/4 Cutaway cab, RWD, 4x2, duel rear wheels, custom shuttle body
300-400 hp
400 - 1000 ft-lbs torque
150" - 250" WB
I Light Set routes, <100 miles per day Centralized Open Close proximity to charging infrastructure


3 Rail Service 100 2B-3 Class 2b-3. Either complete or incomplete pickup truck, 4x2 or 4x4, single rear wheel configuration, rail wheel conversion kit installed. If incomplete pickup, will have rear upfitter body installed.
300 - 400 hp
400 - 1000 ft-lbs torque
130" - 200" WB
I Light Expected long distance routes Centralized Constrained. Need physical space to mount rail wheels, lift mechanism, and upfitter body. Safety critical for positive propulsion. Risk of train collision with stranded vehicle and no easy way to remove from track. May need to two equipment and/or remove rail cars in yards

1 Shuttle Bus 331 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 23K-33K GVWR, Automatic, 200-260 HP / 520-660 Ft-lbs. Diesel, CNG, LPG and Gasoline I Variable, light Fixed <100 miles per day Centralized Open



4 Armored Car 100 4-7 Class 4-6. Either stripped chassis or cutaway, RWD, 4x2, dual rear wheels, armor reinforcements added, complete or rear upfitter body installed
300-400 hp
400 - 1000 ft-lbs torque
150" - 250" WB
I Variable (depends on drop-off or pick-up work) Variable, <100 miles per day Centralized, at night Constrained. Armor plating and security defenses would take up underbody battery storage opportunities Mission critical


4 Mobile Laboratory 81 4-7 Class 4-6. Either stripped chassis or cutaway, RWD, 4x2, dual rear wheels, complete or rear upfitter body installed
300-400 hp
400 - 1000 ft-lbs torque
150" - 250" WB
I Variable (depends on use requirements) Variable, <100 miles per day No central charging available when in use Open Occasional use on long routes and dependent on deployment needs Likely extended operation

4 Digger Derrick 52 4-7 Conventional 4x2, 4x4, 6x2, 6x4, 20K-50K GVWR, 200-450HP/520-1800 ft-lbs. Diesel I High Variable Variable Constrained Extended remote operation Mission critical Extended operation off road
4 Construction Dump 342 8 Class 8 conventional vocational vehicle, 66k GVWR +, 450-500 hp. I 50% laden (typically to GVWR), 50% unladen Highly variable, but typically 150-250 miles per day Centralized, at night Somewhat constrained High vibration environment due to high percentage of off-road use.


3 Municipal Dump 44 4-7 Class 7 conventional vocational 4x2 I 50% laden, 50% unladen, mixed light to heavy Variable, 50 miles per day Centralized, at night Somewhat constrained



2 Yard Tractor - Purpose Built (Warehouse/Rail) 84 8 i. Cab configuration: Single person cab offset to engine side
ii. Axle configuration: Mostly 4x2, some 6x4
iii. Wheelbase range: 116" (most common), 118", 126", 128", 146", 152"
iv. GVWR range: 65k - 140k lbs
v. Torque range: 520-770 lb-ft
vi. HP range: 146-250 hp

Engine: Both on-road and off-road engine options available
C or I Heavy (65K - 85K lbs). Light-duty cycle. Load on/load off <100 miles per day, <1 route (Predictable), 8-10 hours per day Centralized, at night and during the day Constrained, for shorter wheelbase Frequent stops and starts Lack of suspension resulting in harsh vibration -> durability/life impacts Accessory loads: high heating and cooling requirements, hydraulics to raise and lower 5th wheel Battery life tradeoff with opportunity charge
2 Yard Tractor - Purpose Built (Port) 21 8 i. Cab configuration: Single person cab offset to engine side
ii. Axle configuration: Mostly 4x2, some 6x4
iii. Wheelbase range: 116" (most common), 118", 126", 128", 146", 152"
iv. GVWR range: 65k - 140k lbs
v. Torque range: 520-770 lb-ft
vi. HP range: 146-250 hp

Engine: Both on-road and off-road engine options available
C or I Heavy (120K 0 140K lbs.). Load on/Load off <200 miles per day, 1-2 mile routes (predictable), >10 hours per day Opportunity charging but port dependent. May need to remove from fleet for charging Constrained for shorter wheelbase. Constrained for port applications due to hours of operation Frequent stops and starts Lack of suspension resulting in harsh vibration -> durability/life impacts Accessory loads: high heating and cooling requirements, hydraulics to raise and lower 5th wheel Battery life tradeoff with opportunity charge
5 Mobile Command Center 27 4-7 Conventional Truck, 4x2,6x4, 3600-9000 mm wheelbase, 19000-60000 lbs GVWR, 200-505 HP, 520-1850 ft-lb torque I Moderate heavy fixed load Mostly short, unpredictable (mission dependent) Generally centralized, may need to be charged while on mission; there may not be enough time for recharge between missions Somewhat constrained Mission Critical Unpredictable duration/energy consumers at emergency site

4 H-D Van - Emergency 223 2B-3 Cutaway van, RWD, Class 2b-3, 4x2, dual rear wheels I Heavy 50-150 miles per day Dispersed, or infrastructure dependent Constrained High route variability High fleet management Mission critical
4 Ambulance 128 4-7 Cutaway van, 4x2 I Light Mostly short, unpredictable (mission dependent) Centralized, opportunity charging when possible; need to be fully charged and ready with no notice (e.g., conventional vehicles have quick disconnect air hoses to keep air brake tanks full, and similar would be required for electrical); there may not be enough time for recharge between missions Constrained (due to equipment installation) Mission critical


5 Fire Truck 159 8 Conventional Truck, 4x2, 6x4, 390-8075 mm wheelbase, 26000-74000 lbs GVWR, 270-550 HP, 660-1650 ft-lb torque I Start at high/max load, may diminish slightly throughout day Mostly short, unpredictable (mission dependent). May be fueled by wet hose when operating continuously at a fire site. Centralized, opportunity charging when possible; need to be fully charged and ready with no notice (e.g., conventional vehicles have quick disconnect air hoses to keep air brake tanks full, and similar would be required for electrical); there may not be enough time for recharge between missions Constrained (due to equipment installation) Mission critical Unpredictable duration/energy consumers at emergency site

5 Snow Plow 92 8 Conventional Truck, 4x2, 6x4, 4400-6500 mm wheelbase, 54000-68000 lbs GVWR, 300-470 HP, 860-1650 ft-lb torque I Start at max load, diminish throughout day varied, unpredictable (weather dependent) Centralized, opportunity charging when possible; there may not be enough time for recharge between missions Constrained (due to equipment installation) Mission critical


2 Crane 100 4-7 Class 6-7, Conventional, 4x2, 212-271 wheelbase, MHD/HHD engine 230-260 hp/520-660 ft-lbs, AllisonAT with PTO I Light Average <70 miles per day Centralized Limited



2 Dump 200 4-7 Class 4-7, Conventional, Low Cab Forward, 4x2, 138-271 wheelbase, LHD/MHD/HHD engine, 210-260 hp/440-660 ft-lbs, AllisonAT with PTO I Variable (depends on use requirements) Average <70 miles per day Centralized Limited



3 Refuse/Recycling 200 4-7 Class 5-7, Conventional, Low Cab Forward, 4x2, 149-271 wheelbase, LHD/MHD/HHD engine 210-260 hp/440-660 ft-lbs, AllisonAT with PTO I Start light, end day at max load Average <70 miles per day Centralized Limited



3 Shredder 100 4-7 Class 5-7, Conventional, Low Cab Forward, 4x2, 149-271 wheelbase, LHD/MHD/HHD engine, 210-260 hp/440-660 ft-lbs, Allison AT with PTO, Incomplete I Start light, end day at max load Average <70 miles per day Centralized Limited



5 Pickup Truck - Personal Use 38,000 2B-3 Class 2b-3
Regular, Super, Crew Cabs
4x4
130" - 200" WB
200-500 hp
200-1000 ft-lbs torque
C Moderate Variable Centralized charging at residence/business Constrained Towing will significantly shorten available EV range. Limited cargo carrying capacity to offset battery pack weights. Most people upgrade to the class 2b-3 pickup over a class 2a pickup for either load carrying or towing needs.

3 H-D Van - Passenger 6,198 2B-3 Passenger van, RWD, Class 2b-3, 4x2 C Light Variable Centralized charging at residence/business Constrained



























































Sheet 3: FCEV

Fuel-Cell Electric Suitability Factors
Suitability Assigned Market Segment CA Sales Class Vehicle Specifications Complete/ Incomplete Loading Routes Refueling Fuel Tanks Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous
4 P Line Haul Tractor 500 4-7 4x2, 12K/21K-23k axles, day cab or sleeper cab, 400-500 hp engine C Variable, up to 80K GCW Variable, >200 miles per day Retail Constrained 300 total miles with 60 kg hydrogen (~5 mpge) 6 to 8 percent grade System cost today for FC and batteries is >$400K. Future could be $150K-$200K when using pass car FCs. $10-$15 per kg hydrogen today. Long term could be $4-$5.
5 P Line Haul Tractor 3000 8 6x4 tractor, 12K/40K axles, day cab or sleeper cab, 400-500 hp engine C Heavy Variable, >200 miles per day Retail Constrained 300 total miles with 60 kg hydrogen (~5 mpge) 6 to 8 percent grade System cost today for FC and batteries is >$400K. Future could be $150K-$200K when using pass car FCs. $10-$15 per kg hydrogen today. Long term could be $4-$5.
4 P Regional Tractor - Long Haul 100 4-7 4x2, 12K/21K-23k axles, day cab or sleeper cab, 400-500 hp engine C Variable, up to 80K GCW Variable, >200 miles per day Retail Constrained 301 total miles with 60 kg hydrogen (~5 mpge) 6 to 8 percent grade System cost today for FC and batteries is >$400K. Future could be $150K-$200K when using pass car FCs. $10-$15 per kg hydrogen today. Long term could be $4-$5.
4 P Regional Tractor - Long Haul 300 8 6x4 tractor, 12K/40K axles, day cab or sleeper cab, 400-500 hp engine C Variable, up to 80K GCW Variable, >200 miles per day Retail Constrained 301 total miles with 60 kg hydrogen (~5 mpge) 6 to 8 percent grade System cost today for FC and batteries is >$400K. Future could be $150K-$200K when using pass car FCs. $10-$15 per kg hydrogen today. Long term could be $4-$5.

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...Sheet introduction advanced clean truck market segment analysis this spreadsheet contains a draft trucks act prepared by the and engine manufacturers association ema rsquo s member companies include major medium heavyduty in north america its members have strong interest advancing zeroemission we recognize california leading role developing marketthis matrix is first of suitability vehicles zevs for class b through commercial vehicle applications it represents initial view how fleet infrastructure factors affect each particular based on listed roughly assessed with green yellow red color coding further explained cell overall scores ie ndash categories are under ldquo codes rdquo tab addition to grading identifies specifications needed fleets that operate also whether built complete or multiple stages eg completed bodybuilder finally includes estimates annual sales weight ca summarizes those volumes please note represent total new which some percentage may be converted considers living ...

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