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                                                                            Research	aptitude	notes	pdf
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  Study	Material,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Previous	Questions,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Mcq,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Pdf,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Study	Notes	In	Hindi,		Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Notes,	Research	Aptitude	Notes	In	Hindi,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Notes,	Nta
  Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Questions	In	Hindi,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	In	Hindi	Pdf,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Exam	Research	Aptitude,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Study	Material	For	Research	Aptitude,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Study	Material,	Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Test,			Nta	Ugc	Net	Study	Material	For	Research	Aptitude			Research:	Meaning,
  Types,	and	Characteristics,	Positivism	and	Post-	positivistic	approach	to	research.	Click	Here	To	Download	Pdf					Nta	Ugc	Net	Paper	1	Research	Aptitude	In	Hindi			Methods	of	Research:	Experimental,	Descriptive,	Historical,	Qualitative	and	Quantitative	methods.	Click	Here	To	Download	Pdf					Steps	of	Research.	Click	Here	To	Download	Pdf						Nta
  Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Important	Repeated	Questions			Thesis	and	Article	writing:	Format	and	styles	of	referencing.	Click	Here	To	Download	Pdf					Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Questions	And	Answers	Pdf	In	Hindi			Application	of	ICT	in	research.	Click	Here	To	Download	Pdf							Nta	Ugc	Net	Research	Aptitude	Live	Mock	Test	Mcq	Questions		
  		Research	ethics.	Click	Here	To	Download	Pdf			Open	chat	1	UNIT-2-Research-Aptitude-in-Hindi-for-UGC-NET-1						�…Read	More			(Steps	Of	Research)		�…Read	More			(Methods	Of	Research)	…Read	More			(Research	Ethics)
  �…Read	MoreResearch	Paper	(	)	Workshop	()	Semina…Read	More	(Positivism)			…Read	More	Create	your	own	user	feedback	survey…Read	MoreCreate	your	own	user	feedback	survey	Hello	learners	here	we	share	daily	quiz	and	practice	questi…Read	More1.	Name	the	first	psychologists,
  who	worked	on	intelligence	?	(A)	Alfred	Binet	(B)	Gardner	(C)	Stern…Read	More1.	“Intelligence	is	not	an	expression	of	general	factor,	but	a	combination	of	group	traits.”	This	…Read	MoreHello	learners	here	we	share	daily	quiz	and	practice	questions	for	NTA	UGC	NET	EXAM	preparations.	…Read	MoreHello	learners	here	we	share	daily	quiz	and
  practice	questions	for	NTA	UGC	NET	EXAM	preparations.	…Read	More	UNIT-2-Research-Aptitude-in-Hindi-for-UGC-NET-1	Dr.	Manishika	Jain-	Join	online	Paper	1	intensive	course.	Includes	tests	and	expected	questions.Download	PDF	of	This	Page	(Size:	104K)	↧Types	of	Research-DefinitionsAction	research	is	a	methodology	that	clubs	action	and
  research	to	evaluate	particular	questions,	issues	or	phenomena	through	observation	and	reflection,	and	deliberate	intervention	to	enhance	practice.Applied	research	is	a	research	organise	to	solve	practical	problems	rather	than	to	attain	knowledge	merely	for	knowledge	sake.Basic	research	is	experimental	and	theoretical	work	undertaken	to	attain
  new	knowledge	without	looking	for	long-term	benefits	other	than	the	advancement	of	knowledge.Time	is	an	crucial	element	of	any	research	design.	The	most	fundamental	distinctions	in	research	design	nomenclature:	Cross-sectional	versus	longitudinal	studies.	A	cross-sectional	study	is	one	that	takes	place	at	a	single	point	in	time.	In	effect,	we	are
  taking	a	‘slice’	or	cross-section	of	whatever	it	is	we՚re	observing	or	measuring.	A	longitudinal	study	is	one	that	takes	place	over	time,	we	have	atleast	two	or	more	waves	of	measurement	in	a	longitudinal	design.A	variable	is	any	entity	that	can	take	on	different	values.	Anything	that	can	vary	can	be	considered	a	variable.	For	example,	age	can	be
  considered	a	variable	because	age	can	take	different	values	for	different	people	or	for	the	same	person	at	different	times.	Similarly,	country	can	be	considered	a	variable	because	a	person՚s	country	can	be	assigned	a	value.There	is	a	distinction	between	an	independent	and	dependent	variable.	In	fact	the	independent	variable	is	what	you	manipulates--
  a	treatment	or	program	or	cause.	The	dependent	variable	is	what	is	affected	by	the	independent	variable-your	effects	or	outcomes.	For	example,	if	you	are	studying	the	effects	of	a	new	educational	program	on	student	achievement,	the	program	is	the	independent	variable	and	your	measures	of	achievement	are	the	dependent	ones.A	hypothesis	or	an
  assumption	is	a	particular	statement	of	prediction.	It	elaborates	in	concrete	rather	than	theoretical	terms	what	you	expect	will	happen	in	your	study.	Not	all	studies	have	hypotheses.	Sometimes	a	study	is	exploratory.Qualitative	research	is	research	that	is	generally	performed	to	get	insights	regarding	attitudes,	beliefs,	motivations	and	behaviours	of
  individuals	to	explore	a	social	or	human	problem	and	consist	methods	such	as	focus	groups,	in-depth	interviews,	observation	research	and	case	studies.Quantitative	research	is	research	concerned	with	the	measurement	of	attitudes,	behaviours	and	perceptions	and	consists	interviewing	methods	such	as	telephone,	intercept	and	door-to-door
  interviews	as	well	as	self-completion	methods	such	as	mail	outs	and	online	surveys.Three	basic	types	of	questions	that	research	projects:Descriptive:	When	a	study	is	organised	for	the	first	time	to	elaborate	what	is	going	on	or	what	exists.	Public	opinion	polls	that	seek	only	to	elaborate	the	proportion	of	people	who	hold	different	opinions	are	primarily
  descriptive	in	nature.	For	example,	if	we	want	to	know	what	percent	of	the	population	would	vote	for	a	BJP	or	Congress	in	the	next	election,	we	are	just	interested	in	elaborating	something.Relational:	When	a	study	is	designed	to	look	at	the	relationships	between	two	or	more	variables.	A	public	opinion	poll	that	compares	what	proportion	of	males	and
  females	say	they	would	vote	for	a	BJP	or	Congress	candidate	in	the	next	election	is	crucially	studying	the	relationship	between	gender	and	voting	preference.Causal:	When	a	study	is	organised	to	find	out	whether	one	or	more	variables	e.	g.	a	program	or	treatment	variable	causes	or	affects	one	or	more	outcome	variables.	If	we	did	a	public	opinion	poll
  to	try	to	find	out	whether	a	recent	political	advertising	campaign	changed	voter	preferences,	we	would	essentially	be	studying	whether	the	campaign	(cause)	changed	the	proportion	of	voters	who	would	vote	BJP	or	Congress	(effect)	.	In	this	Study	Material,	all	chapter	of	research	aptitude	described	by	NTA	UGC	NET	syllabus	covered	in	Hindi	which	is
  the	important	notes	for	NTA	UGC	NET	Exam,	PhD	and	MPhil	work.	These	notes	are	not	for	sale	but	stationery	expenses	and	if	some	money	is	collected	then	it	will	go	to	the	service	of	poor	students.	You	should	not	buy	but	donate	it.																							
  .						.	1.	Training	Program	for	UGC	NET	Examination	Research	Aptitude	Dr.	Jagannath	K.	Dange	Dept.	of	Studies	in	Education	Kuvempu	University	Shankaraghatta	Karnataka,	India	jkdange@gmail.com	2.	II	Research	Aptitude	•	Meaning,	Characters,	types	•	Steps	•	Methods	•	Workshop/conference/seminar	•	Research
  report	•	Publication	•	Ethics	•	Check	your	progress	3.	-	A	careful	investigation	or	inquiry	specially	through	search	for	new	facts	in	any	branch	of	knowledge.	-	Systematized	effort	to	gain	new	knowledge.	-	Pursuit	of	truth	/	search	for	knowledge	through	objective	and	systematic	method	of	finding	solution	to	a	problem	What	is	Research	?	4.	Research	is
  the	systematic	and	objective	analysis	and	recording	of	controlled	observations	that	may	lead	to	the	development	of	generalizations,	principles,	or	theories,	resulting	in	prediction	and	possibly	ultimate	control	of	events.	Definition	of	Research	5.	Characteristics	of	Research	-Directed	towards	the	solution	of	a	problem.	-Emphasizes	the	development	of
  generalizations,	principles	or	theories	helpful	in	predicting	future	occurrences.	-Based	upon	observable	experience	or	empirical	evidence.	-Demands	accurate	observation	and	description.	-Involves	gathering	new	data	from	primary/first-hand	sources/using	existing	data	for	a	new	purpose.	6.	-	Requires	carefully	designed	procedures	and	expertise.	-	Is
  objective	and	logical;	attempts	to	validate	the	procedures	employed	and	the	conclusions	drawn.	-	Is	meaningfully	planned,	systematically	executed,	carefully	recorded	and	reported.	-	Requires	resourcefulness,	originality,	scientific	temper	and	courage.	7.	Types	of	Research	-Fundamental	v/s	Applied	/Action	:	development	of	theories,	discover	a	solution
  for	practical	problem,	finding	solution	for	classroom	problems	-Descriptive	v/s	Analytical	:	surveys,	fact	finding	enquiries,	ex	post	facto	studies,	comparative	and	correlational	studies	:	analyse	the	information	available	and	evaluate	the	material	-	Quantitative	v/s	Qualitative	-	Conceptual	v/s	Empirical	:	develop	new	concepts	or	reinterpret	existing	ones:
  relies	on	experience	,	observation,	experimentation	etc.,	-	Other	Types	:	Historical,	exploratory,	laboratory	research,	clinical	/	diagnostic,	etc..,	8.	1.	Formulating	the	Research	problem	2.	Extensive	Literature	Survey	3.	Developing	the	Hypotheses	4.	Preparing	the	Research	Design	5.	Determining	Sample	Design	6.	Execution	of	the	Project	7.	Collecting
  the	Data	8.	Analysis	of	Data	9.	Hypotheses	Testing	10.	Generalization	and	Interpretation	11.	Preparation	of	the	Report	Research	Process	-	(steps)	9.	Types	of	Research	methods	D	e	s	c	rip	tiv	e	C	o	m	p	a	ra	tiv	e	C	o	rre	la	tio	n	a	l	C	a	u	s	a	l	C	o	m	p	a	ra	tiv	e	N	o	n	-E	x	p	e	rim	e	n	ta	l	T	ru	e	Q	u	a	s	i	S	in	g	le	S	u	b	je	c	t	E	x	p	e	rim	e	n	ta	l	Q	u	a	n	tita	tiv
  e	C	a	s	e	S	tu	d	y	P	h	e	n	o	m	e	n	a	o	lo	g	y	E	th	n	o	g	ra	p	h	y	G	ro	u	n	d	e	d	T	h	e	o	ry	Q	u	a	lita	tiv	e	C	o	n	c	e	p	t	A	n	a	ly	s	is	H	is	to	ric	a	l	A	n	a	ly	s	is	A	n	a	ly	tic	a	l	S	tu	d	y	M	ix	e	d	M	e	th	o	d	R	e	s	e	a	rc	h	D	e	s	ig	n	s	10.	•	Historical	-	What	was	•	Descriptive	(sometimes	called	Survey)	–	What	is	•	Experimental	–	What	can	be	11.	Descriptive	research	is
  used	to	obtain	information	concerning	the	current	status	of	the	phenomena	to	describe	"what	exists"	with	respect	to	variables	or	conditions	in	a	situation.	The	methods	involved	range	from	the	survey	which	describes	the	status	quo,	the	correlation	study	which	investigates	the	relationship	between	variables,	developmental	studies	which	seek	to
  determine	changes	over	time.	12.	Descriptive	Research	•	Because	of	its	flexibility	and	the	fact	that	it	deals	with	current	topics,	descriptive	research	is	probably	the	most	popular	form	of	research.	•	It	is	also	popular	because	data	can	be	collected	from	a	wide	variety	of	sources.	13.	Survey	method	•	Sur/sor	–Over	•	Veeir/vor-	to	see	•	To	look	over	or	to
  over	see	•	Critical	inspection	•	Employed	to	collect	detailed	descriptions	of	existing	phenomena	in	order	to	justify	current	conditions	and	practices,	or	to	make	more	intelligent	plans	for	improving	them.	14.	CASE	STUDY	•	P.V.	YOUNG:	“A	fairly	exhaustive	study	of	a	person	or	group	is	called	a	life	of	case	history”.	“Case	study	is	a	method	of	exploring
  and	analyzing	the	life	of	a	social	unit	be	that	unit	a	person,	a	family,	institution,	culture	group,	or	even	an	entire	community.”	15.	Experimental	ResearchExperimental	Research	16.	If	x,	then	y;	if	frustration,	then	aggression…the	researcher	uses	some	method	to	measure	x	and	then	observes	y	to	see	if	associated	variation	occurs.	(Kerlinger,	1970)	17.
  •	The	essential	feature	of	experimental	research	is	that	investigators	deliberately	control	and	manipulate	the	conditions	which	determine	the	events	in	which	they	are	interested.	•	At	its	simplest,	an	experiment	involves	making	a	change	in	the	value	of	one	variable—called	the	independent	variable—and	observing	the	effect	of	that	change	on	another
  variable—	called	the	dependent	variable.	18.	Provides	much	control,	establishes	systematic	and	logical	association	between	manipulated	factors	and	observed	effects.	Experimental	Research	19.	Characteristics	of	Experimental	Research	Control	Manipulation(treatment)	Observation	Replication	A.Control-	Refers	to	the	extent	to	which	different	factors
  in	an	experiment	are	accounted	for.	In	other	words,	it	is	to	arrange	a	situation	in	which	the	effect	of	variables	can	be	measured.	E.g.	In	studying	effectiveness	of	Lecture	method	and	Discussion	in	teaching	of	Geography,	two	identical	groups	of	subjects	required	except	the	ways	they	are	taught	Geography.	20.	Controlling	Extraneous	Variables:
  Removing	the	Variables:	Randomisation:	Matching	Cases:	Balancing	Cases	or	Group	Matching:	21.	Methods	for	controlling	inter-	subject	differences	Random	assignment	of	subjects	to	group-	A	scientific	and	systematic	procedure	based	on	probability	theory.	It	is	assumed	that	groups	are	comparable	at	the	start	of	the	experiment	on	the	dependent
  variable	as	well	as	on	the	extraneous	variable.	e.g.	assigning	teachers,	classrooms,	assignments,	equipments	etc.	strictly	on	random	basis.	Matching	subjects	with	random	assignments-	Match	individual	subjects	on	as	many	extraneous	variables	as	possible	which	might	affect	the	dependent	variable	and	then	apply	random	technique	to	assign	one	of
  the	matched	pair	to	each	group.	-	Subject	to	subject	matching-	match	individual	subjects.	-	Matching	by	Mean	and	S.D-	match	the	groups.	-	Ranking	of	subjects	in	matching	variables-	from	each	pair	of	a	rank	serially,	one	is	assigned	to	each	group	randomly.	22.	Random	assignment	on	the	basis	of	homogeneous	selection-	Selecting	groups	that	is
  homogeneous	on	the	variable	likely	to	affect	the	dependent	variable.	For	example,	gender	affecting	the	dependent	variable,	the	researcher	may	select	the	subjects	of	a	particular	gender,	and	assign	subjects	randomly	to	two	groups.	23.	Methods	for	controlling	Situational	Variables	•	Holding	situational	variables	constant-	treating	all	subjects	alike
  except	for	their	exposure	to	independent	variables.	E.g.	-	Equal	number	of	subjects	in	each	group.	-	Teaching	by	same	teachers.	-	Same	instructions,	apparatus,	test	etc.	•	Randomization	–	Random	allocation	of	variables	like	time,	apparatus,	tests	etc.	e.g.	in	a	testing	situation	of	½	hr	for	several	batches,	allot	group	randomly.	24.	B.	Manipulation	•
  Refers	to	deliberate	operation	of	the	conditions	by	the	researcher.	Researcher	sets	the	stage	for	the	occurrence	of	the	factor	whose	performance/	effect	is	to	be	studied	under	conditions	in	which	the	effects	of	all	other	factors	are	eliminated/	controlled.	•	e.g.	Study	of	relative	effectiveness	of	two	methods	of	teaching-	method	of	teaching	is	the
  independent	variable	which	is	to	be	manipulated.	25.	C.	Observation	Seeing	the	effect	on	manipulation	of	the	independent	variable	on	the	dependent	variable.	E.g.	Observations	with	respect	to	some	characteristics	of	behaviour	of	the	subjects	in	the	experiment	–	the	test	scores	reflecting	the	performance.	26.	D.	Replicationresearcher	attempts	to
  control	the	extraneous	variable	through	the	rounds	of	randomization	or	other	methods	still	some	discrepancies	invariable	remain	and	influence	the	results	of	the	experiment	.	such	discrepancies	may	be	taken	care	of	through	the	replication	of	the	study.	E.g.	conducting	a	number	of	sub	experiments	within	the	frame	work	of	over	all	experiment.	27.
  Qualitative	vs	Quantitative	Qualitative	method:	Participant-	observation:	immersing	yourself	in	the	study	Ethnography-process	of	describing	a	culture	of	people(Folk)	Photography-ethnography	with	photography	or	film	making	Ethno-methodology-	conversation	analysis.	Dramaturgical	Interviewing-	doing	research	by	role	playing.	Sociometry-
  measurement	of	social	distance	in	group	members	Natural	Experiment-difference	between	groups-	study	the	difference	Case	study-	Unobtrusive	measures-gathering	data	in	which	subjects	are	not	aware.	Content	analysis-gathering	and	analysis	of	the	content	from	text.	Historiography-historical	research.	Secondary	analysis	of	data-analysis	of	data
  originally	compiled	by	another	researcher	28.	Workshop/conference/seminar	Purpose	Difference	29.	Benefits	of	participation	in	the	workshop	are	1.	Development(First	hand	experience)	2.	Thinking	of	educational	and	career	goals	3.	Enhanced	preparation	for	future	career	4.	Self-	confidence	as	a	researcher	taken	seriously	by	others	5.	Socialization
  into	the	profession	6.	Sense	of	responsibility	and	independence	as	researcher	Seminar	Structured	group	discussion	that	may	follow	a	formal	lecture	Planning	Organizing	Presenting	Conference:	importance	to	the	discussion	through	individual	and	panel	presentation.	30.	Format	of	the	Research	Report	A.	Preliminary	Section	/	Front	Matter	-	Title	Page
  -	Acknowledgement	(if	any)	-	Table	of	Contents	-	List	of	Tables	(if	any)	-	List	of	Figures	(if	any)	31.	B.	Main	Body	Of	the	Report	1.	Introduction	a	Statement	of	the	Problem	-	(specific	questions	/	hypotheses)	b.	Significance	of	the	Problem	c.	Purposes	of	the	Study	d.	Assumptions,	limitations	and	delimitations	e.	Operational	Definition	of	Key	Terms	32.	2.
  Review	/	Analysis	of	Related	Research	3.	Design	/	Methodology	of	the	Study	a.	Design	of	the	Study	b.	Sample	for	the	Study	/	Sources	of	Data	c.	Tools	used	for	Data	Collection	d.	Procedure	/	Methods	of	Gathering	Data	e.	Statistical	Techniques	Used	for	Data	Analysis	33.	4.	Analysis	and	Presentation	of	Data	-	Text,	Tables,	Figures	5.	Summary	and
  Conclusions	a.	Significance	of	the	Problem	b.	Restatement	of	the	Problem	–	research	questions,	hypotheses	and	objectives	of	the	Study	c.	Design,	Sample,	Tools	Used,	Procedure	for	Collection	and	Statistical	Techniques	for	Analyses	of	the	Data	d.	Principal	/	Major	Findings	and	Conclusions	e.	Suggestions	for	Further	Research	34.	C.	Reference	Section
  1.	Bibliography	-	Books,	Periodicals,	Special	Documents	(websites,	e-journals)	2.	Appendix	-	Tools,	Papers	/	Abstracts,	Any	other	Special	Documents	35.	There	are	several	different	styles	of	referencing:	•	APA	•	Harvard	•	MLA	•	Oxford	•	Chicago	Each	style	has	its	own	rules	for	properly	citing	sources.	•	Author-date	styles	(e.g.	APA,	MLA,	and	Harvard)
  put	the	author's	name	inside	the	text	of	the	article.	•	Documentary-note	styles	(e.g.	Chicago	and	Oxford)	put	the	author's	name	in	a	footnote	at	the	bottom	of	each	page,	or	in	an	endnote	at	the	end	of	the	article.	Styles	of	Referencing	36.	Ethics	in	Research	•	Honesty	in	data	collection	and	work	•	Truthful	in	findings	•	Away	from	forgery	and	ghost
  writing	•	Respect	and	dignity	of	respondents	•	Sacrifices	for	social	cause.	•	Commitment	to	the	truth	than	to	personal	gains	37.	Article	Descriptive	theoretical	Research	based	Findings	Purpose	of	article:Disseminate	38.	Why	Research	Papers	Are	Important?	1.	Publish	or	perish:	Yes,	if	you	don't	publish,	you	perish.	2.	We	think	by	writing.	We	think
  well	by	writing	well.	3.	More	papers-----	more	visibility.	4.	Good	papers	build	your	reputation	over	time.	5.	Publications	are	a	way	to	communicate,	exchange	ideas,	etc.	6.	Increasing	pressure	from	administrators	and	others	that	you	push	yourself	to	publish	your	work.	39.	7.	Personal	growth,	enhanced	self-discipline,	personal	life-long	learning,	and
  career	enhancement	come	from	the	publication	process	by	knowing	others	will	benefit	from	your	work	and	that	you	can	feel	connected	to	the	profession.	8.	It	is	important	to	your	discipline	that	you	help	to	create	new	ideas,	advance	theory,	describe	your	emerging	techniques,	challenge	widely	held	views,	and	influence	others	with	your	growing
  knowledge	base.	9.	You	serve	your	profession,	your	field,	and	knowledge	in	general	by	adding	to	it.	10.	Can	cover	a	variety	of	topics	and	statistics	brought	to	a	reader's	attention.	40.	Types	of	Manuscripts	Mainly	classified	as	Argumentative	research	paper	•	It	makes	a	claim	about	a	topic	and	justifies	this	claim	with	specific	evidence.	A	good	topic
  might	then	be	debatable	or	controversial.	Analytical	research	paper	•	Such	a	paper	is	often	an	exercise	in	exploration	and	evaluation.	goal	is	to	offer	a	critical	interpretation	of	primary	and	secondary	sources	throughout	the	paper-sources	that	should,	ultimately,	support	his	particular	analysis	of	the	topic.	Informative	article:	This	may	cover	aspects
  such	as	arranging	information	around	a	definition,	classifying	examples,	demonstrating	similarities/	differences	between	two	or	more	people	or	things.	41.	Types	of	Manuscripts	Research	Papers:	both	quantitative	and	qualitative	research.	Theoretical/Conceptual	Papers:	These	papers	present	non-empirical	work	related	to	the	education	in	order	to
  determine	major	issues	of	importance	for	future	research,	to	understand	these	issues	in	relation	to	theory	and	application,	to	find	the	frontier	of	research	on	a	problem,	to	relate	a	problem	to	existing	theory,	or	to	put	a	conceptualized	problem	in	the	context	of	previous	research.	Position	Papers:	Position	papers	can	describe	a	problem	or	an	issue	with
  a	suggested	solution	or	direction.	These	papers	should	support	the	position	with	both	a	logical	argument	and	a	review	of	the	theory	and/or	the	research	literature.	Case	Studies:	Case	studies	highlight	special	issues	related	to	the	individual	or	group	of	individuals	or	organizations/institutions.	They	present	what	theory	and/or	the	research	literature
  reports	on	the	problem	or	issue,	what	was	done	to	try	to	solve	or	explore	it,	the	results	of	the	project	and	implications	and	suggestions	for	others	interested	in	addressing	similar	challenges	or	in	future	research.	42.	Check	your	progress!	Ready?	43.	1.	Research	can	be	conducted	by	a	person	who:	(A)	Has	studied	research	methodology	(B)	Holds	a
  postgraduate	degree	(C)	Possesses	thinking	and	reasoning	ability	(D)	Is	a	hard	worker	Answer:	(C)	Possesses	thinking	and	reasoning	ability	44.	2.	Which	of	the	following	statements	is	correct	?	(A)	Objectives	of	research	are	stated	in	first	chapter	of	the	thesis	(B)	Researcher	must	possess	analytical	ability	(C)	Variability	is	the	source	of	problem	(D)	All
  the	above	Answer:	(D)	All	the	above	45.	Answer:	(A)Observation	.	3.	Which	of	the	following	is	not	the	Method	of	Research	?	(A)Observation	(B)Historical	(C)	Survey	(D)	Philosophical	46.	4.	Research	can	be	classified	as:	(A)	Basic,	Applied	and	Action	Research	(B)	Quantitative	and	Qualitative	Research	(C)	Philosophical,	Historical,	Survey	and
  Experimental	Research	(D)	All	the	above	Answer:	(D)	All	the	above	47.	5.	The	first	step	of	research	is:	(A)selecting	a	problem	(B)Searching	a	problem	(C)	Finding	a	problem	(D)	Identifying	a	problem	Answer:	(D)	Identifying	a	problem	48.	6.	The	essential	qualities	of	a	researcher	are	(A)	Spirit	of	free	enquiry	(B)	Reliance	on	observation	and	evidence	(C)
  Systematization	or	theorizing	of	knowledge	(D)	All	the	above	Answer	(D)	All	the	above	49.	Answer:	(C)	A	research	initiated	to	solve	an	immediate	problem	7.	Action	research	means-	(A)	A	longitudinal	research	(B)	An	applied	research	(C)	A	research	initiated	to	solve	an	immediate	problem	(D)	A	research	with	socioeconomic	objective	50.	8.	Research	is
  (A)	Searching	again	and	again	(B)	Finding	solution	to	any	problem	(C)	Working	in	a	scientific	way	to	search	for	truth	of	any	problem	(D)	None	of	the	above	Answer:	(C)	Working	in	a	scientific	way	to	search	for	truth	of	any	problem	51.	9.	A	common	test	in	research	demands	much	priority	on	(A)	Reliability	(B)	Usability	(C)	Objectivity	(D)	All	of	the	above
  Answer:	(D)	All	of	the	above	52.	10.	A	research	paper	is	a	brief	report	of	research	work	based	on	(A)	Primary	Data	only	(B)	Secondary	Data	only	(C)	Both	Primary	and	Secondary	Data	(D)	None	of	the	above	Answer	(C)	Both	Primary	and	Secondary	Data	53.	11.	Controlled	group	condition	is	applied	in	(A)	Survey	Research	(B)	Historical	Research	(C)
  Experimental	Research	(D)	Descriptive	Research	Answer	(C)	Experimental	Research	54.	Answer:	(D)	Hands	on	training/experience	12.	Workshops	are	meant	for	(A)	Giving	lectures	(B)	Multiple	target	groups	(C)	Showcase	new	theories	(D)	Hands	on	training/experience	55.	13.	Which	one	of	the	following	is	a	research	tool	?	(A)Graph	(B)Illustration	(C)
  Questionnaire	(D)	Diagram	Answer:	(C)	Questionnaire	56.	14.	The	term	‘phenomenology’	is	associated	with	the	process	of	(A)	Qualitative	Research	(B)	Analysis	of	Variance	(C)	Correlational	Study	(D)	Probability	Sampling	Answer:	(A)	Qualitative	Research	57.	15.	Research	is	not	considered	ethical	if	it	(A)	Tries	to	prove	a	particular	point.	(B)	Does	not
  ensure	privacy	and	anonymity	(secrecy)of	the	respondent.	(C)	Does	not	investigate	the	data	scientifically.	(D)	Is	not	of	a	very	high	standard.	Answer	(B)	Does	not	ensure	privacy	and	anonymity	of	the	respondent.	58.	16.	Conference	are	meant	for-	A,	Multiple	target	groups	B,	Group	discussions	C,	Show-	casing	new	research	D,	All	the	above	Answer:	D,
  All	the	above	59.	17.	Ex	post	facto	research	means-	A,	The	research	is	carried	out	after	the	incident	B,	The	research	is	carried	out	prior	to	the	incident	C,	The	research	is	carried	out	along	with	the	happening	of	an	incident	D,	The	research	is	carried	out	keeping	in	mind	the	possibilities	of	an	incident	Answer:	A,	The	research	is	carried	out	after	the
  incident	60.	Answer:	D,	all	the	above	18.	A	research	problem	is	feasible	only	when-	A,	it	is	researchable	B,	it	is	new	and	adds	something	to	know-ledge	C,	it	has	utility	and	relevance	D,	all	the	above	61.	19	Nine	years	old	children	are	taller	than	7	years	old	ones.	It	is	an	example	of-	A,	vertical	studies	B,	cross-	sectional	studies	C,	case	studies	D,
  experimental	studies	Answer:	B,	cross-	sectional	studies	62.	20.	The	other	name	of	independent	variable	for	an	experimental	research	is/	are-	A,	treatment	variable	B,	experimental	variable	C,	manipulated	variable	D,	all	the	above	Answer:	D,	all	the	above	63.	21.	What	is	survey	method?	A,	laboratory	experiments	B,	field	experiments	C,	field	studies	D,
  historical	researches	Answer	C,	field	studies	64.	‘To	understand	is	hard.	Once	one	understands,	action	is	easy.’	(Sun	Yat	Sen,	1866–1925)	65.	THANK	YOU
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