SUBJECT                 FORENSIC SCIENCE 
                  Paper No. and Title     PAPER No. 8: Questioned Document  
                  Module No. and Title    MODULE No.26: Script Analysis 
                  Module Tag              FSC_P8_M26 
                                                                                                       
       FORENSIC SCIENCE  PAPER No. 8: Questioned Document 
                                     MODULE No.26 : Script Analysis 
                      
                                                                                                                                                           
       
                    
                   TABLE OF CONTENTS                      
                   1. Learning Outcomes 
                   2. Introduction to Scripts  
                   3. Devanagri Script 
                   4. Urdu Script 
                   5. Bengali script                                                            
                   6. Gujarati script 
                   7. Gurumukhi script  
                   8. Mahajani script
       FORENSIC SCIENCE  PAPER No. 8: Questioned Document 
                                        MODULE No.26 : Script Analysis 
                       
                                                                                                                                                                
       
                      
                     1.  Learning Outcomes  
                     After studying this module, you will be able to 
                            Know what Scripts are? 
                            Learn the difference between the alphabets of the scripts. 
                            Identify the different scripts. 
                     2. Introduction to Scripts  
                     A script is defined as the handwriting style with peculiar characters. Many languages in 
                     India, such as Hindi and Sanskrit, use Devanagri and many more languages throughout 
                     India use local variants of the script. Devanagri has evolved into highly cursive script. 
                     Hindu scriptures  are  written  in  Devanagri,  a  fact  illustrated  by  the  etymology  of  the 
                     name.  "Devanagri"  is  a  compound  word  with  two  roots: deva means  "deity", 
                     and nagari means "city". Together it implies a script that is religious as well as urbane or 
                     sophisticated. 
                      
                     The main corpus of writing dated from the Indus civilization is in the form of some two 
                     thousand inscribed seals in good, legible conditions. Although these seals and samples of 
                     Indus writing have been floating around the scholastic world for close to 70 years, little 
                     progress has been made on deciphering this elegant script. The Gujarati script is one of 
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                     the  modern  script  of  India  and  is  derived  from  the  Devanagri  script  during  the  16  
                     century CE. The major difference between Gujarati and Devanagri is the lack of top 
                     horizontal bar in Gujarati. Otherwise the two scripts are fairly similar. The Gujarati script 
                     is used in the state of Gujarati in western Indian to write the Gujarati language. 
                     Similarly, Bengali is a Nagari- derived script that appeared in eastern south Asia around 
                     the 11th century CE. The old Bengali script is also the parent to many other scripts of 
                     eastern India, such as Oriya, Manipuri and Maithili. The Bengali script is used to writer 
                     languages in eastern India such as Bengali, Assamese and Manipuri. 
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
                      
        FORENSIC SCIENCE  PAPER No. 8: Questioned Document 
                                           MODULE No.26 : Script Analysis 
                         
                                                                                                                                
     
             
             
                                                 
                           Indian Currency has 15 script writings. 
            3. Devanagri Script  
            Hindi is the national language of India and it is spoken by about 40% of the population of 
            India. The script of Hindi language is called “devanagri” script has 38 consonants and 13 
            vowels. Devanagri is written from left to right and the strokes which form the letters are 
            generally broad and squarish with some well-defined curves. In non-initial positions of 
            words,  diacritic  marks  (matras)  are  used  after  consonants.  The  Matras  may  appear 
            separately or added above or below the specified place.  
             
     FORENSIC SCIENCE  PAPER No. 8: Questioned Document 
                        MODULE No.26 : Script Analysis