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© 2022 JETIR February 2022, Volume 9, Issue 2 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)
TO DETERMINE THE PERSONALITY
PATTERN OF YOUNG ADULTS THROUGH 16
PF BY R.B CATTELL
Afsana K. B
Final Year Post Graduate Student
Department of Psychology
Registration Number: 1201063
Lovely Professional University
Contact Number- 8281078731
Email Id- Afsanaali25@gmail.com
Dr. Sanjay Ghosh
Assistant Professor
Department of Psychology
Lovely Professional University
UID- 26173
Contact No- 9674056152
Email id- sanjay.26173@lpu.co.in
Abstract
Personality is the style or form of behavior that makes one individual different from others. Personality may be
stated as the organization of habits, attitudes rather than existence of certain specific traits. According to G. W.
Allport (1937), “Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical system
that determine an unique adjustment to his environment.” R. B. Cattell (1950) defined it, “Personality is that
which pursuits a prediction of what a person will do in a given situation.”
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© 2022 JETIR February 2022, Volume 9, Issue 2 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)
Among personality traits of young adults more persistent risk driving behaviour has been observed. Gulliver, P
et.al.(2007). 16PF have been given to young adults and different factors have been revealed. Delevi,R (1989.)
Personality factors are also important for social communication and practice. Song, Y et.al. (2008). Ricky and
aggressive behaviour among young adults have been perceived as personality factors. Constantinou, E
et.al.(2011)
So in the present study am attempt has been made to determine the Personality Pattern of young adults through
16 PF by R.B Cattell. 16 PF devised by RB Cattell has been for the present study. 20 male and 20 female
subjects have been taken.
Results: indicate that all the 16 factors have come out for each subject. For male subjects the most common
responses have gone towards the low score direction factor B, C, E,F,G,H which indicates the personality factors
of reserved, concrete thinking, less effected by feeling humble, sober, expedient and shyness. For female
subjects common scores indicate the high score direction of personality profile factor E,F,G,H,I,L,M,N,O,Q1
which revels assertive, happy go lucky, conscientious, venture some, tenderminded, suspicious, imaginative,
calculating, apprehensive and experimenting in nature. There are the personalities factors explained Mr RB
Cattell in his questionnaire.
So in the present study different personality components of male and female subject have been identified.
Keywords: Personality Factors, Young Adults
Introduction:
The term personality is used in a number of ways including the apparent features of a person. However,
psychologists use it to refer to the characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting. By characteristic pattern
we mean the consistent and distinctive ways our ideas, feelings and actions are organized. When we talk about
personality, we usually refer to the totality or whole of the person. Thus, the enduring pattern expressed by the
person in various situations is the hall mark of personality. Interestingly the theories of personality go beyond
the literal meaning of “personality” which stands for large masks used by actors in ancient Greek drama.
Contrary to this the personality theorists view ‘personality’ as the essence of the person. It is a person’ s “true”
inner nature. The unique impression that a person makes on others is equally important in understanding
personality. However, the concept of personality has been defined by psychologists in many ways and it is the
theoretical perspective or position which directs our attention to particular aspects of personality. According to
G. W. Allport (1937), “Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical
system that determine an unique adjustment to his environment.” RB Cattell (1950)“ Personality is that which
pursuits a prediction of what a person will do in a given situation.” Whether personality traits continue to
develop in adulthood depends in part on how one defines “relatively enduring.” In the past, some researchers
took that phrase to mean—and the empirical literature to indicate—that personality traits stopped changing in
adulthood (McCrae & Costa, 1994).
Song Y et.al. (2008) has found that Personality factors are also important for social communication and practice.
Constantinou, E et.al.(2011)Ricky and aggressive behaviour among young adults have been perceived as
personality factors. Doherty E M, et.al.(2011) found that role of personality characteristic have been influenced
by medical students and doctor’s performance. Goodwina R D et.al.(2007) has found that personality factors is
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© 2022 JETIR February 2022, Volume 9, Issue 2 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)
associated between gender and depression in adults. Chiou P Z et.al.(2021) found that personality factors has
relation in laboratory professions. Yang Q et.al.(2016) found that personality traits has relation in mental health
and work value among young adults in different geographical area.
Methods:
The data was obtained with the help of circulating 16PF by R.B Cattell along with answer key and tabulated in
excel. Later with hand scoring, Stens score was calculated and result was interpreted with the help of 16PF
manual.
Objectives:
To find out the personality profile of the young adults aged by 20-30 years.
To see the comparison between male and female subjects aged between 20-30 years in personality
profile.
Hypothesis:
There will be no significant relation among young adults aged between 20-30 years in different
personality factors
There will be no significant in comparison between male and female aged between 20-30 years in term
of different personality factors
Sample:
20 males and 20 female subjects have been taken for present study aged 20-30 age group. They belong
to middle socio economic status.
Inclusive Criteria:
1. All the subjects have been taken whose age is between 20-30 years.
2. All the subjects belong to middle class socio-economic status.
Exclusive Criteria:
1. No subject has been taken who is below 20 or above 30 years of age.
2. No subject has been taken who is below or above middle socio- economic status.
Tools:
16PF by Raymond B. Cattell (1949)
The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire is a multiple -choice personality questionnaire which was
developed by Raymond B. Cattell. He used the new techniques of factor analysis in an attempt to discover and
measure the source traits of human personality. This test measures 16 source traits of personality. This test was
designed for the use with individuals aged 16 years and above. Among six forms of the test, we are using Form-
A. There are 187 items in form-A There are 16 Primary Factors and 4 Second Order Factors. The category of
responses are a, b or c. Responses are Yes-No, True- False, Uncertain or In between. There is no fixed time for
the test. There are three methods of scoring- 1) hand scoring, 2) Stencil Scoring and 3) Computer Scoring. This
scale is highly reliable and valid.
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© 2022 JETIR February 2022, Volume 9, Issue 2 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)
Procedure:
For the present study 20 male subjects and 20 female subjects were selected to see the personality pattern of
young adults. 16 PF scale by R B Cattell was used on the subjects. Instruction were given to the subjects and
the questionnaire were distributed. Responses were collected and the scoring was done according to the scoring
pattern and table given in the manual. As per the Sten scores and scoring, result were interpreted. Discussion
and conclusion were made accordingly.
Result and Discussion:
Table 1: Showing different scores of male subjects on 16PF
Factors Total score Sten Scores Remark
A 13 4 Low Average
B 11 2 Low Average
C 13 1 Low Average
E 12 1 Low Average
F 10 1 Low Average
G 18 4 Low Average
H 10 2 Low Average
Subject 1 I 7 2 Low Average
L 11 3 Low Average
M 15 3 Low Average
N 11 2 Low Average
O 14 4 Low Average
Q1 13 3 Low Average
Q2 7 2 Low Average
Q3 15 3 Low Average
Q4 10 2 Low Average
Factors Total score Sten Scores Remark
A 15 4 Low Average
B 12 3 Low Average
C 13 1 Low Average
E 14 2 Low Average
F 12 1 Low Average
G 10 1 Low Average
H 9 2 Low Average
Subject 2 I 7 2 Low Average
L 15 2 Low Average
M 11 1 Low Average
N 16 5 Average
O 15 4 Low Average
Q1 13 3 Low Average
Q2 15 5 Average
Q3 7 1 Low Average
Q4 10 2 Low Average
JETIR2202132 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org b274
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