Grade 12                                                                               
               COMMON DISTINCTION TESTS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 
       I. R – Cl vs R – Br vs R – I (R  alkyl or aryl) 
       SNo.     Test             R – Cl                       R – Br                        R – I 
       a)     Dil 
              AgNO3                                                                                    
                                     
       b)     NHOH 
                 4
              test 
                                                                                                        
       II. Ethylidene chloride (Geminal) vs Ethylene Dichloride (Vicinal) 
                                                                                        
       SNo.       Test 
                                                
       a)     Aq KOH test                                                               
              (Hydrolysis) 
                                                                                        
                                                                                        
                              
        
        
        
        
        
       Grade 12                                                                       
        
       III. CHCl  vs CH Cl/CCl /CH OH 
               3     3      4   3
                                                                       CHCl/CCl /CH OH 
       SNo.      Test                    CHCl3                            3      4   3
      a)     Carbylamine                                                          
             test                                                                
                                                                           No reaction 
                                                  
       IV. CH3 – CH2 – OH (Alcohol) vs CH3 – O – CH3 (Ether) 
       SNo.       Test                CH – CH  – OH                      CH – O – CH
                                         3    2                              3        3 
      a)     Na metal test                                                        
                                                                                 
                                                                                 
                                              
      b)     Iodoform test                                                        
             (for alcohols                                                       
             having                                                              
             CH3 –CH – OH)  
        
       V.  
        
      SNo.    Test 
                                                           
                                                                                          
        Grade 12                                                                                         
        a)       Lucas       Turbidity appears on    Turbidity appears     Turbidity appears      No appearance of 
                 Test        heating                  within in 5 – 10      spontaneously              turbidity 
                 (Conc.                                    min.                                             
                 HCl +                                                                                        
                 anhyd 
                 ZnCl
                      2 
        b)       Iodofor                                                                                      
                 m test 
                                                               
        c)       Br2                                                                  
                 water 
                 test 
        d)       Neutral                                                                                               
                 FeCl                                                                 
                      3
                 Test 
                                                                                                
        e)        Litmus                                                                        Turns blue litmus red 
                   Test 
                      
                                                                                 
          Grade 12                                                                                                                           
           
                      Victor                                                                                                                       
          f)          Meyer 
                      Test 
                                                                  
                                                                                    
                                                                                                                 
           
          VI. 
                                                          
           
          SNo.              Test 
                                                                                                                                                          
          a)         Litmus Test             Turns blue Litmus to red                                                
                                                                                                                                                  
          b)         Neutral FeCl3                                                                                                                
                     test