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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 9, Issue 6, June 2018, pp. 421–426, Article ID: IJCIET_09_06_049
Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=9&Issue=6
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
SUITABILITY OF MODULAR ALUMINIUM
FORMWORK IN RCC FRAMED STRUCTURES
Sreenath.V
M. Tech (CEM) Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering,
Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education,
Manipal, India
B. Prakash Rao
Associate Professor (senior scale), Dept. of Civil Engineering,
Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education,
Manipal, India
Anup Wilfred Sebastian
Assistant Professor (Senior Scale), Dept. of Civil Engineering,
Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education,
Manipal, India
Chengappa K.K
M.Tech (CEM) Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering,
Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education,
Manipal, India
ABSTRACT
This paper defines in brief, the need of Modular Aluminum Formwork in the Indian
construction industry. The study is conducted on a project in Bangalore, Karnataka,
India namely Salarpuria Sattva Divinity which comprises of a commercial (2B+G+5)
and ten residential towers (G+21). The paper analyses the suitability of Modular
Aluminium Formwork technology in a framed structure by considering the quality,
speed of construction, labor requirement, cost of construction and other related factors.
The same typical floor plan was also prepared in a complete Mivan design, for
comparison. The estimation of cost for one floor of all the three structures using these
three different formworks were prepared. The construction using Mivan technology
seemed to be the most economical in the long run considering the number of repetitions
possible with the formwork. The Modular Aluminium formwork construction was found
to be as expensive as that of using conventional formwork for the RCC framed structure,
considering only the initial costs (Maintenance and finishing costs are not considered).
But the quality obtained with the use of Modular Aluminium formwork, the stability due
to monolithic construction, the increased carpet area and the speed of construction
http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 421 editor@iaeme.com
Sreenath.V, B Prakash Rao, Anup Wilfred Sebastian and Chengappa K.K
makes the technology more economic than the conventional technology. The list of
advantages and limitations of using the method was also prepared.
Key words: Modular Aluminium formwork, Mivan formwork, Cost, Speed of
construction, Quality.
Cite this Article: Sreenath.V, B Prakash Rao, Anup Wilfred Sebastian and Chengappa
K.K, Suitability of Modular Aluminium Formwork In RCC Framed Structures,
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(6), 2018, pp. 421–426.
http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=9&Issue=6
1. INTRODUCTION
The Mivan Company Ltd from Malaysia developed this technology in 1990s and was popularly
known as Mivan Technology since then. It is a precise formwork technology with monolithic
pouring, thereby ensuring higher stability to the structure with minimum number of joints. The
surface finish obtained in the concrete casted with Mivan formwork showed higher quality
smooth finishing, thereby reducing the requirement of extensive plastering. The system
consisted of prefabricated timber, steel or aluminium formwork modules often around 6 feet or
2 metres in size.
The modules were typically set by hand and pinned, clipped, or screwed together. The
system did not require a crane to place the formwork, the speed of construction was higher even
with unskilled labour, the formwork modules could be removed after the concrete sets leaving
behind the complete structure of a floor including the slab.
It is a precise engineered system completely fabricated as Aluminium sheets. All the
elements of a building could cast at site using the system. The resulting structure yielded a
higher quality surface finish and accuracy with minimum dimensional errors and rectifications.
Also, the speed of construction was higher and the total cost was reduced for mass repetitive
projects. The modular nature of the formwork allows easy fixing and removal. The construction
can proceed fast with very little deviation in dimensional tolerances. Also, the system is quite
flexible and can be easily adapted for many variations in the layout. The availability of concrete
from ready mix concrete facility has contributed well for the increase in use of this work system.
Also, the willingness to use mechanized means of transport and placing of concrete, has boosted
up the reach of Mivan technology.
Structurally, the usage of box type construction and monolithic casting gave a much better
result. Both the horizontal and vertical stresses were able to be controlled efficiently. The
system can be used for construction for both framed structure and box type structures.
The integrated use of Mivan and conventional technology results in a durable structure. The
sub structure is constructed using conventional technique while the super structure is
constructed using MIVAN techniques.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Danish Sadruddin Ansari and Pratik Sudhakar Kudale (2016), [1] conducted the study in
Hinjewadi, Pune on two buildings of G+21 floors which used Mivan and Conventional
formwork correspondingly. Cost and duration was compared using a comparative analysis.
Detailed estimate was prepared and rate/sqft was determined and compared as the floor area
was different for both the buildings. The duration of Construction for MIVAN was less than
the Conventional Method by around 25 %. The box type structure of MIVAN formwork
provides more seismic resistance but shrinkage cracks are likely to appear. In order to be cost
effective large volume of work is necessary of at least 200 repetitions of form. MIVAN
formwork increases the durability of the structure and simplifies the foundation design. Though
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Suitability of Modular Aluminium Formwork In RCC Framed Structures
expensive than conventional formwork, MIVAN formwork saves time in constructing high rise
buildings. Patil R.S, Pawale D.B and Tambe H.D (2016), [3] performed the comparison of
Mivan and conventional formwork. The paper clearly defines the advantages and disadvantages
of use of Mivan with respect to the conventional method. The research also suggest the use of
“Master Glenium ACE 30JP” admixture to prevent the segregation leading to honeycomb in
shear walls on placing concrete, which was a major drawback of Mivan technology.
Aaqib Majid Khan and Chitranjan Kumar (2015), [2] conducted study on a construction site
namely Jaypee Krescent Homes at sec 134 Noida UP. The paper describes the comparative
analysis of conventional formwork and tailor made (MIVAN) formwork on the basis of cost,
quality, aesthetics, external finishes, maintenance, speed and strength parameters. The
substructure uses conventional formwork and Mivan formwork is used for superstructure
resulting in a durable structure. Fixing and removal of formwork is easy due to its modular
nature and the speed of construction is high. Increase in the availability of RMC facility in India
and mechanisation in placing of concrete has improved the quality of concrete used in Mivan
formwork. Casting of partition walls and ceiling elements are done together that the interiors
have clean and neat lines, improving the aesthetics of the structure. Due to the smooth finish
frequent repainting can be avoided. Though it costs more for concreting and reinforcement on
comparison with conventional formwork it saves cost in repetition of formwork and by
eliminating cost of brickwork and plastering. Sirse Guruling Ramling and Patil Yogendra
Ramesh (2016), [4] did the study on Paranjpe schemes’s Blue Ridge, a 138acre project in
Hinjewadi, Pune. Study was done to compare the cost of construction for conventional and
Mivan techniques. Admixture Master Glenium ACE 30JP was used to prevent the
honeycombing in the shear walls. Detailed estimate of construction using conventional
formwork and Aluminium formwork was done and compared. The total cost saving by using
the method, after considering the shuttering materials, concrete, steel, blockwork and plastering
was Rs 548.4 per sqm. Mivan technology was found more economical, faster and yielding
higher quality of construction. Dr. M.N. Bajad, Rohan P. Shah (2016), [5] studied the
effects of the formwork technology utilised was performed by comparing four types of
formwork materials namely softwood timber, hardwood timber, plywood and aluminium.
Before fabricating the formwork, samples of these materials (except aluminium) were taken
and their moisture contents and water absorption determined. The necessity, advantages and
disadvantages of using Aluminium formwork system over conventional system was analysed.
It concluded that Mivan formwork was suitable for mass & repeated structures and offers high
quality of construction and low maintenance at the minimum cost.
3. METHODOLOGY
The methodology adopted includes collecting the data from site visits, Bill of Quantities,
Engineers in-charge, literature reviews, internet, books etc. As the study was done on an on-
going project, the structural and architectural drawings were available at site, and was put into
use for the calculations.
The speed of construction was analysed from the Slab pour Status. The quality was observed
through site visits. The estimate for materials and manpower was calculated by using the
principles/methods of Estimation
The procedure includes
• A floor was chosen with the typical floor plan of the conventional and the Modular Aluminium
formwork structures.
• Same plan was prepared in a complete Mivan design.
http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 423 editor@iaeme.com
Sreenath.V, B Prakash Rao, Anup Wilfred Sebastian and Chengappa K.K
• The quantity of materials used for completing the structure of the typical floor using all the three
techniques was calculated.
• The cost of construction of one floor including the labour and material costs was calculated.
• Speed and quality of construction was analysed.
• Comparative statement was prepared for all the three structures considering all these factors.
• The list of the advantages and limitations of using the Modular Aluminium formworks was
prepared.
• Suitability of MIVAN technology in the structure was analysed.
4. RESULTS
The comparison for a conventional formwork RCC framed structure and a Modular Aluminium
formwork RCC framed structure was made using the datas of construction of one typical floor
of both the building. Also the floor plan was converted into a complete Mivan designed
structure and was added into comparison. Estimation of cost for completion of one floor was
done for all the three methods. A comparative statement was prepared for comparing the three
methods. Table 1 shows the comparison of the three formwork methods.
Table 1 Comparison of the three methods under consideration
Factors under Conventional RCC Aluminium formwork on
L Sl.no Mivan Structure
consideration Framed structure RCC framed structure
01 Formwork Rs 5,48,961.4024 5,62,529.72 8,43,610.52
002 Concrete Rs 12,16,686 13,51,958.5 16,91,348.99
003 Steel Rs 2,39,299.177 2,39,299.177 3,59,153.8125
004 Speed of construction 29 days per floor 14 days per floor 11 days per floor
005 Block-work Rs 6,66,131.8 6,61,131.8 NIL
006 Plastering Rs 5,15,848 4,58,622 NIL
007 Carpet area 470.96 sqm 473 sqm 490 sqm
008 Pouring Polylithic Monolithic Monolithic
Rs 6,600
109 Surface finish Normal Smooth Smooth
110 Stability/ Durability Medium High High
111 Maintenance High Low Low
112 Handling of materials Hard Easy Easy
113 No. of column joints High 2592 Low 1296 Low 1296
114 Repetition cycle 6 250 250
115 Formwork panel size Large 8000x4000 Small 2000x600, Small 2000x600,
2000x300, 1200x300, 2000x300, 1200x300,
850x300. 850x300.
116 Modifications Easy Difficult Difficult
117 Materials wastage Non eco-friendly Eco friendly Eco friendly
5. CONCLUSIONS
The study was made to check the suitability of using Modular Aluminium form wok in a
conventionally designed RCC framed structure. This was done by comparing it with the
conventional plywood formwork and the Mivan designed structure. Initial cost in completion
of a floor up to plastering was considered for comparison. The Modular Aluminium formwork
seemed to be economical in terms of the material cost compared to the plywood formwork and
the Mivan formwork.
The total cost of construction of using Modular formwork was almost equal to the
conventional formwork system but was higher than the Mivan formwork construction. The
speed of construction is higher than the conventional method and can yield higher profits. Also
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