•
    The amount of carbon present in plain carbon steel 
   has a pronounced effect on the properties of a steel 
   and on the selection of suitable heat treatments to 
   attain certain desired properties.
   •
    Heat treatment is a method used to alter the 
   physical, and sometimes chemical properties of a 
   material. The most common application is 
   metallurgical
   •
    It involves the use of heating or chilling, normally to 
   extreme temperatures, to achieve a desired result 
   such as hardening or softening of a material
   •
    It applies only to processes where the heating and 
   cooling are done for the specific purpose of altering 
   properties intentionally
        Types
 •
 Annealing
 •
 Normalizing
 •
 Hardening
 •
 Carburizing
 •
 Tempering
         Annealing
 Steel is annealed to reduce the hardness, improve 
 machine ability, facilitate cold-working, produce a 
 desired microstructure. Full annealing is the 
 process of softening steel by a heating and cooling 
 cycle, so that it may be bent  or cut easily. In 
 annealing, steel is heated above the  transformation 
 temperature to form austenite, and cooled very 
 slowly, usually in the furnace.
       Types of Annealing
    1. Stress-Relief Annealing (or Stress-
     relieving)
    2. Normalizing
    3. Isothermal Annealing
    4. Spheroidizing Annealing (or 
     Spheroidizing )
    1. Stress-Relief Annealing
  • It is an annealing process below 
   the transformation 
   temperature Ac1, with 
   subsequent slow cooling, the 
   aim of which is to reduce the 
   internal residual stresses in a 
   workpiece without intentionally 
   changing its structure and 
   mechanical properties