Lecture outline
 1) Nutrition defined
 2) Nutrient classes
 3) Nutritional status
 4) Normal physiological process-ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, metabolism and 
          excretion
 5) Nutrition across the lifespan-pre-conception, pregnancy, infancy, childhood, adolescence,    
          adulthood, and seniors
 6) Malnutrition and its consequences
 7) Risk factors for malnutrition-group and individual risk factors
 8) Nutritional assessment
 9) Clinical management- pre- and post-onset
 10)Interrelationships of nutrition with health and illness concepts
 11)Clinical examples
 12)Group work-case study
  1) Nutrition defined
  •   Nutrition is the science of optimal cellular and extracellular metabolism and its 
      impact on health and disease –while much of metabolism takes place in  cells 
      but there is also metabolism outside cells (e.g. in blood plasma)
  •   Good nutrition leads to optimal metabolism- optimal metabolism is key to pre- 
      and post-onset management of disease
  •   Good nutrition includes macronutrients and micronutrients and 
      phytochemicals
  •   Phytochemicals (plant chemicals) variously have antimicrobial, antioxidant, 
      anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting properties
  •   However, various changes in the genome activity via nucleotide base sequence 
      change and/or epigenetics can interfere with the impact of good nutrition
 2) Nutrient classes
 Macronutrients (required in gram amounts in the diet)
           macronutrients are energy yielding (carbohydrates, lipids (fats and oils), 
  proteins and non-energy yielding (water); alcohol (ethanol) is energy 
 yielding but is not a nutrient
  Micronutrients (required in milligram or microgram amounts in the diet)
            micronutrients also include vitamins and minerals-these are non-energy 
  yielding; however they assist in metabolism that produces and uses 
 energy
 Non–energy yielding nutrients assist in metabolism that yields (via catabolism) and 
  uses energy (via anabolism); water does not yield energy itself but assists in 
 catabolism and anabolism
  2) Nutrient classes
                     So how do we get the nutrients WWFQ?
                           Answer- via normal physiological processes of:
               ingestion (I) which regulates
               digestion (D) which regulates
               absorption (A) which regulates                   
  transport (T) which regulates
               metabolism (M) which regulates
  excretion (E) which regulates ingestion
  3) Nutritional status
  •  Optimal nutrition is when one IS getting the nutrients to where (W) 
     they are needed, when (W) they are needed, in the form (F) needed 
     and in quantity (Q) needed in the body for good health
  •  Sub-optimal nutrition (malnourished) is when one is NOT getting the 
     nutrients to where (W) they are needed, when (W) they are needed, 
     in the form (F) needed and in quantity (Q) needed in the body for 
     good health
  •  Malnourished means under- or over-nutrition ( mal = bad)