Energy Crisis - Energy Demand & Supply Position
     Total primary energy supply for year 2012-13 was 64.72 MTOE
     More than 99% of use through conventional energy sources
        Heavy reliance on expensive sources of energy, as 80 % from petroleum 
         products
        12.7% from large hydro and nuclear power
        6.0% from coal
        Less than 1% through micro/mini renewable energy (RE) sources
     Pakistan's total energy savings potential: 418,807 TJ (11.16 MTOE) 
        In FY 2011-12, this amounted to 17.25% of primary energy use!!!
     Insufficient Installed power generation capacity ~ 24,375 MW of which 67% is 
      thermal
        Electricity shortfall of around 5000 MW during peak hours
                     (Source: NEPRA’s State of Energy Report 2014)
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     Electricity Shortfall –Costs to Society (Examples)
      Total primary energy supply for year 2012-13 was 64.72 MTOE
      More than 99 % of use through conventional energy sources
         Heavy reliance on expensive sources of energy, as 80 % from petroleum products
         12.7 % from large hydro and nuclear power
         6.0 % from coal
         Less than 1 % through micro/mini renewable energy (RE) sources
      Pakistan's total energy savings potential: 418,807 TJ (11.16 MTOE) 
         In FY 2011-12, this amounted to 17.25% of primary energy use!!!
      Insufficient  Installed  power  generation  capacity  ~  24,375  MW  of  which 
         67% is thermal
           Electricity shortfall of around 5000 MW during peak hours                               3
                                   (Source: NEPRA’s State of Energy Report 2014)
   Electricity Shortfall –Costs to Society (Examples)
    
     Citizens’ Quality of Life: wasted prime work hours, mental agony, sleep deprivation, 
     and other health issues
    
     Businesses:  Idle capacity, reduced productivity, labor wages, expensive self-power 
     generation.
    
     Exports: Reduced Competiveness, Difficulty in meeting production/ delivery targets.
    
     Agriculture: Reduced productivity
    
     Consumers: Inflation due to high production costs of consumable goods. 
    
     GDP Growth: Electricity Shortfall costs 2% in GDP growth (Source Vision 2025). 
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     Renewable Energy Potential
       Alternative Energy Source                 Potential
    Solar                                       2,900 GW
    Wind                                         340 GW
    Large Hydro                                   40 GW
    Small Hydro                                   3.1 GW
    Bagasse /Biomass                              1.8 GW
    Waste                                        500 MW
    Huge  Potential:  Potential  of     Low Exploitation: Only 7,116 MW 
    More than 3,200 GW.                 of Hydro Potential is exploited. 
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      Renewable Energy Potential Investment Matrix
                                                                                      Total RE Industrial Investment (by Sector) 
         Sector \ Tech      Photovoltaic    SWH (Solar Water      Wind Energy
                                                  Heater)
      Cement                                                           
      Leather                                      
      Paper                                                                                Others; 20.00% Cement; 12.77%
      Sugar                                                                                                      Leather; 4.57%
      Textile Processing                                                                                           Paper; 0.54%
                                                                                             Fertilizer; 4.17%           Sugar; 6.44%
      Textile Spinning                                                
      Fertilizer                                                                                                          TP; 12.06%
      Others                                                         
                                                                                                  TS; 39.46%
        The industrial sector in Pakistan has long been suffering owing to unavailability of 
        energy (load shedding for gas and electricity):
         Part of this energy deficiency could be met by Renewable Energy (“RE”)
         Potential for private sector involvement: about USD 2.0 billion for 800 MW of 
             installed capacity                                                    Source: IFC’s Market Study on Sustainable Energy Finance 
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