INDIVIDUALS IN CRISIS
   o Largely feel unheard
   o Central Nervous System is in fight/flight/freeze/faint mode
   o Require calm intervention that soothes and attempts to 
    help the person vocalize complaints
   o May require police response
   o May require medical response
   o May result in the person leaving on their own
   CRISIS INTERVENTION TEAM (CIT) MODEL IS A 
   POLICE-BASED TRAINING AND INTERVENTION 
   PROGRAM.
      • Ohio CIT Programs                             Difficulty in studying CIT
     Goals are to                                       • Officers participate voluntarily
      • Increase Safety for officers and persons with   • Department personnel 
        mental illness                                   assignments are internal
      • Divert persons with mental illness away from    • Record keeping does not track 
        the criminal justice system                      health information
     2006 study in Akron found that there 
     was an increase in the number of calls           CIT Outcomes in Chicago – 
     identified as mental health-related, and         2010
     increase in CIT officers transporting to           • Increased linkage to mental health 
     the hospital for evaluation, but no                 services
                                                        • Improving safety in calls 
     change in arrest rate.                             • Improve outcomes for officers and 
     1999 study indicates 10% of police                  clients
     contacts with the public involve persons 
     with mental illness.                             Deane et al 1999
                                                      Teller et al 2006
      COMMUNICATION 
      o ACES study; Factors of Household Dysfunction and Abuse are strongly correlated 
         with antisocial behaviors and criminal justice involvement in teen and adult years
      o Deficiencies in social communication
      o Impulsive Cognitive Style
      o Independence
      o Rigidity of Ideas
      o Tendency towards social distrust and suspicion
      o Focus on communication strategies
      Moreno-Manso et al 2016
 Image from Conscious Discipline
   ESCALATIONAL 
   COMMITMENT
 Image from modernman.com