LESSON 3.1_A
      LESSON 3.1_A
     98-366 Networking Fundamentals
       Lesson Overview
       In this lesson, you will learn about:
            •   Internetwork
            •   IETF
            •   ISO/OSI
            •   ITU-T 
            •   Protocols
      LESSON 3.1_A
      LESSON 3.1_A
     98-366 Networking Fundamentals
         Anticipatory Set
         1.  Problem: Personal computer use and the Internet have grown very 
             quickly. Corporations and educational users are developing large 
             networks and individuals access the Internet in huge numbers. There 
             is no pattern or organization, and networks have developed without 
             planning. 
         2.  Assignment: Think about how you might resolve the complicated 
             issues that have arisen. List some of your ideas for unclogging and 
             making the Internet smoother for corporations, educational 
             institutions, and individuals. 
          LESSON 3.1_A
          LESSON 3.1_A
        98-366 Networking Fundamentals
               Internetwork 
               •  A collection of individual networks, connected by intermediate 
                  networking devices, that functions as a single large network
               •  Formed from different kinds of network technologies that can be 
                  interconnected by routers and other networking devices
               •  Offers a solution to three key problems: 
                        o      Isolated LANs
                        o      Duplication of resources
                        o      A lack of network management
               •  Many issues including configuration, security, redundancy, reliability, 
                  centralization, and performance, must be adequately dealt with for the 
                  internetwork to function smoothly. 
          LESSON 3.1_A
          LESSON 3.1_A
        98-366 Networking Fundamentals
               ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
               •  The world's largest developer and publisher of International Standards. 
                  ISO is now considered the primary architectural model for 
                  intercomputer communications. 
               OSI (Open System Interconnection model)
               •  Defines a networking framework for implementing protocols in seven 
                  layers
               ITU-T (International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunication) 
               •  The standardization division of the ITU that develops communications 
                  recommendations for all analog and digital communications
               IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)
               •  Charged with studying technical problems facing the Internet and 
                  proposing solutions to the Internet Architecture Board ; the standards 
                  agency for TCP/IP
      LESSON 3.1_A
      LESSON 3.1_A
     98-366 Networking Fundamentals
        Open System Interconnection (OSI) Reference 
        Model 
      •    How information from a software 
           application in one computer moves 
           through a network medium to a 
           software application in another 
           computer. 
      •    In the International Organization for 
           Standardization Open Systems 
           Interconnection (ISO/OSI) model 
           for network communications, WNet 
           functions operate across the 
           presentation and session layers.