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Sheet 1: Explanatory Notes
| Australian Bureau of Statistics | |||
| 6298.0.55.001 Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, Spreadsheet | |||
| Released at 11.30am (Canberra time) 13 February 2014 | |||
| Contents | |||
| Explanatory Notes | About the LFS standard errors spreadsheet. | ||
| Step by step | Instructions on how to use the worksheets within this spreadsheet. | ||
| Level or Rate | Worksheet which displays SEs and RSEs for LFS level and rate estimates for states, territories and Australia (from September 1997 onwards). | ||
| Mthly moves | Worksheet which displays SEs for LFS monthly movement estimates for states, territories and Australia (from August 1997 - September 1997 movement onwards). | ||
| Averages etc | Worksheet which displays SEs or RSEs for averages, aggregates, and movements other than monthly (from September 1997 onwards). | ||
| Region level | Worksheet which displays SEs for LFS level and rate estimates for LFS regions of Australia (from November 2007 onwards). | ||
| Family level | Worksheet which displays SEs and RSEs for LFS family level estimates for states, territories and Australia (from August 2004 onwards). | ||
| Children etc | Worksheet which displays RSEs for other types of LFS family estimates, eg. number of children in family (from August 2004 onwards). | ||
| More information | Where to get more information about sampling error and LFS data. | ||
| Explanatory Notes | |||
| Introduction | |||
| 1. Estimates from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) are based on information collected from people in a sample of dwellings, rather than all dwellings. Hence the estimates produced may differ from those that would have been produced if the entire population had been included in the survey. The most common measure of the likely difference (or 'sampling error') is the standard error (SE). | |||
| 2. The information paper Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, 2005 (cat. no. 6298.0) discusses LFS sampling variability and the methods used to estimate the SEs associated with survey estimates. | |||
| 3. For the LFS, published SE estimates are calculated from a model developed from directly calculated standard errors, in order to simplify their calculation. It is impractical on space grounds to derive and publish the SE of each individual LFS estimate. The attached worksheets, which are based on the SE models, may be used to approximate the SEs of estimates from the LFS for states, territories, Australia, and regions of Australia. | |||
| About this release | |||
| 4. The 2007 release of this spreadsheet incorporated revised SE models following the introduction of a new LFS estimation method in June 2007. For information on the estimation method refer to the information paper Forthcoming Changes to Labour Force Statistics, 2007 (cat. no. 6292.0). | |||
| 5. Those SE models were modified to reflect the new LFS sample design implemented over the period November 2007 to June 2008 and the reduced LFS sample implemented in July 2008. For information on the sample reduction refer to Information Paper: Labour Force Survey Sample Design, November 2007 (Second edition) (cat. no. 6269.0). | |||
| 6. The September 2008 release provided two new worksheets: "Family level", "Children etc". The worksheets, which are based on the SE models, may be used to approximate the SEs of the new family estimates produced from the LFS. For information on the new estimates refer to Improvements to Family Estimates from the Labour Force Survey, 2008 (cat. no. 6224.0.55.002). | |||
| 7. The May 2009 release enabled the calculation of approximate SEs for the revised Labour Force Dissemination Regions. These regions were backcast to November 2007 and revised to align with Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC) (cat. no. 1216.0). For more details refer to Information Paper: Regional Labour Force Statistics, February 2009 (cat. no. 6262.0). | |||
| 8. The October 2009 release includes SE models that have been modified to reflect the reversal of the sample reduction detailed in paragraph 5. For information on the sample re-instatement refer to Information Paper: Labour Force Survey Sample Design, Nov 2007 (Third edition) (cat. no. 6269.0) | |||
| 9. The prior release in 2013 included SE models for the introduction of the new 2011 Census based LFS sample, including both the transition period between the old and new sample from May to August 2013, as well as the period from September 2013 onwards when the new sample is fully instated. For more information on the new LFS sample refer to Information Paper: Labour Force Survey Sample Design, May 2013 (cat. no. 6269.0) | |||
| 10. The SE models for July 2013 (50% old sample, 50% new sample) and onwards will be subject to revisions in the future, as more information is known about the new sample after it has been introduced. | |||
| 11. This release includes SE models for the introduction of ASGS-based regional LFS data, as well as updates to national and state Levels and Monthly moves to reflect the changes to benchmarking strata as a result of the ASGS introduction, expansion of age range classes, and the application of composite estimation back to July 1991 as part of the rebasing of LFS data to 2011 Census based ERP. For more information, refer to Labour Force, Australia, Jan 2014 (cat. no. 6202.0) | |||
| 12. Changes to SE Models from February 2014 onwards reflect the implementation of modified survey response follow-up strategies | |||
| 13. Although the ABS has not revised the information paper Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, 2005 (cat. no. 6298.0) since the June 2007 (and subsequent) changes, it still contains relevant information on how to use the revised SE models. | |||
| Entering data | |||
| 14. Enter all LFS estimates in '000, to whatever precision is required. | |||
| 15. Refer to the 'Step by step' sheet for instructions on entering data (particularly for unemployment rates, participation rates, averages and movements other than monthly). | |||
| Displayed results | |||
| 16. SEs are displayed in '000 to the nearest hundred for level and movement estimates, and in percentage points for rates. | |||
| 17. RSEs are displayed in %. The RSE (relative standard error) is the SE expressed as a percentage of the estimate to which it refers. | |||
| 18. The following results are displayed on each worksheet: | |||
| Level or Rate | Displays SEs and RSEs for level and rate estimates. An * indicates if the RSE is greater than 25%. | ||
| Mthly moves | Displays SEs for monthly movement estimates, and the monthly movement. An * indicates if the movement is less than 2SE. | ||
| Averages etc | Displays SEs for movements other than monthly and consecutive month averages, or RSEs for averages and aggregates. | ||
| Region level | Displays SEs for regional level estimates. An * indicates if the RSE is greater than 25%. | ||
| Family level | Displays SEs and RSEs for family level estimates. An * indicates if the RSE is greater than 25%. | ||
| Children etc | Displays RSEs for other types of family estimates (eg. number of children in family). | ||
| Cautions | |||
| 19. Enter data directly by keypad or by copy and paste. | |||
| 20. Once entered, data cells should not be moved, either by drag and drop or by cut and paste. | |||
| 21. Moving data cells may cause an error message (ERR or REF!) or incorrect results to be displayed in result cells. If such error flags appear, either: | |||
| click on "Edit/Undo" and begin again, or click on "File/Close" without saving and begin again. | |||
| Sheet protection | |||
| 22. The worksheets are protected against accidental change. The protection may be removed at the user's discretion. | |||
| More information | |||
| Further information about sampling error and LFS data is contained in the information paper Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, 2005 (cat. no. 6298.0). | |||
| This information paper is available from the ABS website (www.abs.gov.au). | |||
| For information about sampling error for earlier periods than in the worksheets, contact Labour Force on 02 6252 6706. | |||
| © Commonwealth of Australia 2014 | |||
| Australian Bureau of Statistics | ||||||
| 6298.0.55.001 Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, Spreadsheet | ||||||
| Released at 11.30am (Canberra time) 13 February 2014 | ||||||
| Step by step guide to using the worksheets | ||||||
| STEP 1: Choose the right worksheet for the type of estimate | ||||||
| Type of estimate | Examples | Worksheet to choose | ||||
| Level estimates for states, territories and Australia | Number of employed persons | Level or Rate | ||||
| Rates for states, territories and Australia | Unemployment rate, Participation rate | Level or Rate | ||||
| Monthly movement of level estimates or rates | Monthly movement of number of employed persons | Mthly moves | ||||
| Other movements of level estimates or rates | Between corresponding months of consecutive years | Averages etc | ||||
| Averages, medians, aggregates | Average hours worked, Aggregate hours worked | Averages etc | ||||
| Level estimates for regions | Number of employed persons | Region levels | ||||
| Rates for regions | Unemployment rate, Participation rate | Region levels | ||||
| Family level estimates for states, terr and Australia | Number of couple families | Family level | ||||
| Ratios of family level estimates | Families with children compared with all families | Family level | ||||
| Other types of family estimates | Number of children aged <15 years in all families | Children etc | ||||
| STEP 2: Enter the time period | ||||||
| Type or paste in the month and year which corresponds to the time period for the data. Use the format mmm-yyyy, eg. for February 2004 enter Feb-2004. | ||||||
| For monthly movements enter the value for the 'current month', eg. for February-March 2007 monthly movement enter Mar-2007. | ||||||
| STEP 3: Select the estimate type (omit this step for family estimates) | ||||||
| Click in the cell 'Select estimate type' in column C or E. A down arrow will then be displayed, from which you can select from a list of estimate types. | ||||||
| For example, if the estimate is of the employed population, select 'Employed' from the list. | ||||||
| For estimates of the unemployment rate, select 'Unemployed' in column C and 'Labour force' in column E. | ||||||
| For estimates of the rate of a labour characteristic for a population group (the population group is defined by age, sex or geography), select the labour characteristic (eg. 'Labour force') in column C and enter the rate in column I. | ||||||
| STEP 4: Enter the estimate | ||||||
| 4a. Depending on the estimate type, determine the appropriate column for data entry: | ||||||
| Type of estimate | Column for estimate entry | |||||
| Level estimates | Enter estimate (eg. employment) in estimate 'X' (left hand column). | |||||
| Unemployment rate = unemployed/labour force | Enter numerator (unemployed persons) in estimate 'X' (left hand column) and denominator (labour force) in estimate 'Y' (right hand column). | |||||
| Population rate* = sub-population/population | Enter numerator (eg. labour force or employed) in estimate 'X' column and rate as a percent in 'Population rate' column. | |||||
| Monthly movement of level | Enter estimates for 'Current month estimate' and 'Previous month estimate' in estimate 'X' column. | |||||
| Monthly movement of rate | Enter rates for 'Current month estimate' and 'Previous month estimate' as described above for rates. | |||||
| Average, median, aggregate, other movements | Enter population used in calculation (eg. employed for hours worked, unemployed for duration of unemployment) in row 'Level estimate'. For averages, use the largest of the level estimates over the period being averaged. For aggregates, use the largest level estimate that contributes to that aggregate. For movements, use the larger of the two level estimates being compared. | |||||
| Family level estimates | Enter estimate (eg. couple families) in estimate 'X' (left hand column). | |||||
| Ratios of family level estimates = sub-popn/population | Enter numerator (eg. families with children) in estimate 'X' column and denominator (eg. all families) in estimate 'Y' (right hand column). | |||||
| Other types of family estimates | Enter population used in calculation (eg. 'families with children' for counts of children) in row 'Family level estimate'. For averages, use the largest of the family level estimates over the period being averaged. For aggregates, use the largest family level estimate that contributes to that aggregate. | |||||
| 4b. Select the cell which corresponds to the geographic area of interest (ie state, territory, or region of Australia). | ||||||
| 4c. Enter the level estimate in thousands (include decimal places if required) by typing it in or pasting the value from another sheet. | ||||||
| 4d. To finalise the entry, press the enter key or select another cell. | ||||||
| * Use population rate (X/Y) when the denominator Y is an independent population benchmark (ie. population by age, sex and/or geography) rather than an estimated population (eg labour force). | ||||||
| STEP 5: Display of standard error (or relative standard error) | ||||||
| SEs are displayed in '000 to the nearest hundred for level and movement estimates, and in percentage points for rates. | ||||||
| RSEs are displayed in %. The RSE (relative standard error) is the SE expressed as a percentage of the estimate to which it refers. | ||||||
| Estimates with an RSE greater than 25% are displayed with an *. Monthly movements less than 2SE are displayed with an *. | ||||||
| Type of estimate | Where is SE and/or RSE displayed? | |||||
| Level estimates or rates for states, terr and Australia | Bottom of 'Level or Rate' sheet. | |||||
| Monthly movement of level estimates or rates | Bottom of 'Mthly moves' sheet. | |||||
| Average, median, aggregate, other movements | Body of 'Averages etc.' sheet. | |||||
| Level estimates or rates for regions | Right hand side of 'Region levels' sheet. | |||||
| Family level estimates | Bottom of 'Family level' sheet. | |||||
| Ratios of family level estimates | Bottom of 'Family level' sheet. | |||||
| Other types of family estimates | Body of 'Children etc.' sheet. | |||||
| For further assistance with using these spreadsheets, please contact Labour Force on Canberra 02 6252 6706. | ||||||
| Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, 2005 | ||||||
| © Commonwealth of Australia 2014 | ||||||
| Australian Bureau of Statistics | ||||||||||||||
| 6298.0.55.001 Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, Spreadsheet | ||||||||||||||
| Released at 11.30am (Canberra time) 13 February 2014 | ||||||||||||||
| Worksheet 01: Standard errors of level or rate estimates | ||||||||||||||
| Step by step guide | Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, 2005 | |||||||||||||
| Set time period in format mmm-yyyy | e.g Feb-2008 | |||||||||||||
| Estimates | Select estimate type | Select estimate type | Unemployment rate | Population rate | ||||||||||
| X '000 | Y '000 | X/Y*100 | % | |||||||||||
| New South Wales | ||||||||||||||
| Victoria | ||||||||||||||
| Queensland | ||||||||||||||
| South Australia | ||||||||||||||
| Western Australia | ||||||||||||||
| Tasmania | ||||||||||||||
| Northern Territory | ||||||||||||||
| Australian Capital Territory | ||||||||||||||
| Australia | ||||||||||||||
| Standard Error and RSE | Standard Error | Relative Standard Error | ||||||||||||
| Estimate type | Estimate type | Unemployment rate | Population rate | Estimate type | Estimate type | |||||||||
| X '000 | Y '000 | X/Y*100 pts | pts | X % | Y % | |||||||||
| New South Wales | ||||||||||||||
| Victoria | ||||||||||||||
| Queensland | ||||||||||||||
| South Australia | ||||||||||||||
| Western Australia | ||||||||||||||
| Tasmania | ||||||||||||||
| Northern Territory | ||||||||||||||
| Australian Capital Territory | ||||||||||||||
| Australia | ||||||||||||||
| *RSE greater than 25%. | ||||||||||||||
| Instructions: Enter all level estimates in '000. For simple level estimates, enter the estimate in Column C. | ||||||||||||||
| For unemployment rates (unemployed/labour force)*100, enter "Unemployed" in Column C and "Labour force" in Column E. Unemployment rate is then shown in Column G. | ||||||||||||||
| For participation rates (labour force/civilian population)*100, enter "Labour force" in Column C and the published participation rate in Column I. For population rates (X/Y*100), enter numerator X (which must be an estimated subset of a population benchmark denominator Y) in Column C and population rate in Column I. | ||||||||||||||
| Estimates are available from cat. nos. 6202.0, 6291.0.55.001 and 6291.0.55.003 | ||||||||||||||
| © Commonwealth of Australia 2014 | ||||||||||||||
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