Leadership
   The way in which managers deal with workers is known as 
   their leadership style.
   A good definition of leadership would as follows:
   ‘Where a person influences and directs the performance of a 
   group of employees in achieving the goals of the organisation’ 
   Philip Allan Publishers © 2015
   Leadership styles
   Although the way managers manage will vary from individual 
   to individual, there are three main leadership styles that are 
   identified in business:
   •  authoritarian leadership
   •  democratic/participative leadership
   •  laissez-faire leadership
    
   Philip Allan Publishers © 2015
   Authoritarian leadership 
   Also known as autocratic leaders, they are strict and
   tell workers what to do. They have a high level of control: they make all the 
   decisions themselves and expect no input from workers.
   Pros
   •  Quicker decision-making process
   •  Workers are closely supervised so less mistakes.
   Cons
   •  Employee motivation can be low.
   •  Labour turnover can be high.
   •  Less creativity due to lack of worker input.
   Philip Allan Publishers © 2015
   Democratic leadership 
   Also known as participative leadership, where workers will contribute in the 
   decision-making process. There is considerable scope for involvement and 
   participation. 
   Pros
   •  Worker involvement encouraged, which can lead to better decisions.
   •  Motivation is high and labour turnover low.
   Cons
   •  Consultation with staff can be time consuming.
   •  Should staff be involved in some areas of the business e.g. sensitive or 
      more complex issues?
   Philip Allan Publishers © 2015
   Laissez-faire leadership 
   These leaders leave their colleagues to get on with their work without 
   supervision or control. The leader will often set boundaries and a given 
   task and not monitor until it is complete.
   Pros
   •  Employee motivation is high.
   •  Workers are often most creative with this form of management.
   Cons
   •  Manager control is required at times and this lack of involvement can 
      lead to mistakes or failed projects.
   Philip Allan Publishers © 2015