Definition of Leadership
                 • “Always, it seems, the concept of leadership eludes us or turns up in 
                     another form to taunt us again with its slipperiness and complexity.  
                     So we have invented an endless proliferation of terms to deal with 
                     it…and still the concept is not sufficiently defined.”
                 • Bennis (1959)
                                   Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall                    Leadership in Organizations                                             1-2
       Controversies Over Leadership 
       Definitions
      • Specialized role or shared influence process
      • Type of influence process
      • Purpose of influence attempts
      • Influence based on reason or emotions
      • Direct versus indirect leadership
      • Leadership versus management
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              Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall                    Leadership in Organizations  
                 Leadership:  A Working Definition
                                     
                                 “Leadership is the process of influencing others to 
                                   understand and agree about what needs to be done and 
                                   how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and 
                                   collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives.”
                                   Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall                    Leadership in Organizations                                             1-4
             Controversies about Differences 
             Between Leadership and Management
             • Leaders and managers as qualitatively different and mutually exclusive 
                 types of people
             • Leading and managing as different roles or processes
             • Leading as an influence relationship and managing as an authority 
                 relationship
             • Integrative approach
                                     Copyright© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall                    Leadership in Organizations                                           1-5
                Specialized Role or shared influence 
                process
                • Type of influence attempt:
                   Using authority power to make followers to perform well or using a 
                   different methods depends on situation
                • Purpose of influence attempt: 
                   Doing ethical and beneficial for the organization and themselves or to 
                   gain personal benefits at the followers expense
                • Influence based on reason or emotion
                   Reason issues mean rational cognitive process ,opposite emotional 
                   focused in inspire followers to sacrifice 
                • Direct & indirect leadership:
                   Indirectly through delegate authorities
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                                                                        Prentice Hall                    Leadership in Organizations