Types Of Chemical 
 Bonds
     Compound
     –   substance made of the combined atoms of two or more 
         elements.
     Chemical formula
     –   tells what elements a compound contains and the exact 
         number of  the atoms of those elements
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                Some Common Compounds
                 Vinegar         Acetic acid         HCHO
                                                          2  3  2
                   Sand             Silicon             SiO
                                                             2
                                   dioxide
                Stomach  Hydrochlori                     HCl
                   Acid             c acid
                   Cane            Sucrose           C H O
                                                       12   22  8
                  Sugar
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                                                                Superscript
                                  2H O                          – represents 
                                        2                           oxidation # or 
      Coefficient                                   SO 2-           how many 
      –                                                   4         electrons has 
         represents the 
         # of units of                                              gained or lost 
         each                    Subscripts 
         substance               – represents # of 
                                     atoms in a 
                                     molecule of a 
                                     particular 
                                     element
      Atoms form compounds to become chemically 
      stable. An atom is chemically stable when the outer 
      energy level is complete, or full.
            
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      Chemical bond
      • Force that holds together the atoms in a substance
              Ionic Bond            vs.       Covalent 
                                     Bond
           loses or gains electrons  shares electrons
           attraction between            can form multiple 
           opposite charges of ions          bonds
                                          between a nonmetal and 
                                          another nonmetal
           between metal &               nonmetals
              nonmetals
      ION
      • Positive or negatively charged atom
      • Cation – Positively charged ion; “t” in cation looks like “+”
      • Anion – Negatively charged ion
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