Sustainable Transportation Practices 
                                      in Europe 
                                               
                                               
                                                          
              November, 2001 
              FHWA-PL-02-006 
              HPIP-11-01-EW 
               
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                    Sustainable Transportation Practices in Europe 
                                                                    
                                                Prepared by the Study Tour Team 
                                                             Susan Petty 
                                                               FHWA 
                     
                    Frances Banerjee                                  Ysela Llort 
                    City of LA Transportation Dept.                   Florida DOT 
                                                                       
                    Elizabeth Deakin                                  Peter Markle 
                    Univ. of California, Berkeley                     FHWA 
                                                                       
                    Charles Howard                                    David Pampu 
                    Washington DOT                                    Denver Regional Council of Govts. 
                                                                       
                    Jean Jacobsen                                     Alex Taft 
                    Natl. Assn. of County Officials                   Assn. of Metropolitan Planning Orgs. 
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                    
                                                                 and 
                                                   American Trade Initiatives, Inc. 
                                                                 and 
                                                   Avalon Integrated Services, Inc. 
                                                               for the 
                                                   Federal Highway Administration 
                                                 U.S. Department of Transportation 
                                                                 and 
                                                  The American Association of State 
                                                and Highway Transportation Officials 
                                                                 and 
                                        The National Cooperative Highway Research Program 
                                                            (Panel 20-36) 
                                                of the Transportation Research Board 
                                                                    
                                                          November 2001 
                                                                    
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                               Contents 
           
             FHWA International Technology Exchange Programs…………………………………. .4  
                 International Technology Scanning Program……………………………………. 4  
            Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………….... 6 
           Overview……………………………………………………………………………….   10 
               Background………………………………………………………………………10 
               Objectives………………………………………………………………………..10 
               Areas of Study……………………………………………………………………11 
                Sponsoring Organizations………………………………………………………..11 
               Team Members…………………………………………………………………..12 
           Observations……………………………………………………………………………..13 
                Definitions of Sustainability……………………………………………………..13 
               Policies and Practice……………………………………………………………..14 
                    Commitments……………………………………………………………14 
                   Collaboration…………………………………………………………….15 
                   Incentives………………………………………………………………..15 
                    Planning Processes………………………………………………………16 
                   Performance Measures…………………………………………………..16 
                   Leadership……………………………………………………………….17 
                Strategies for Sustainable Transportation………………………………………..18 
                    Land Use-Transportation Relationship…………………………………..18 
                   Transit……………………………………………………………………19 
                    Bicycling and Pedestrian Improvements………………………………   20 
                   Highways and the Auto…………………………………………………..21 
                    New Technologies and Operations………………………………………22 
            Specific Examples From the Countries Visited………………………………………….24 
               Germany – Berlin………………………………………………………………...24 
               Scotland – Edinburgh…………………………………………………………….27 
               Sweden – Stockholm……………………………………………………………..29 
                The Netherlands – The Hague,Rotterdam……………………………………….32 
           Findings………………………………………………………………………………….35 
             Possible Implementation in the United States…………………………………………   37 
           Disclaimer………………………………………………………………………………..39 
            Appendix A: Amplifying Questions……………………………………………………..40 
            Appendix B: Biographical Sketches……………………………………………………..45 
           Appendix C: European Contacts…………………………………………………………50 
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
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