RMIT Classification: Trusted
          RMIT HARVARD REFERENCING GUIDE
          RMIT University Library
          Updated: July 2022
          This is a guide only. Please confirm your course’s referencing requirements with your lecturer.
          RMIT Harvard is an author-date referencing style. It is based on the Referencing and attribution section 
          of the Australian Government Style Manual (AGSM) released in 2021.
          RMIT Harvard style requires in-text references and a reference list. In-text references appear within the 
          body of the document. They include the author’s family name or name of the organisation responsible for
          the information source and the year of publication, with page numbers required for quotes if available. A 
          reference list provides the full bibliographic details of all in-text references at the end of the assignment.
          It is recommended that you read the general rules for each section before looking at the specific 
          information about the source you need to reference. 
          Note: Although the AGSM states that the title of online sources should be hyperlinked for electronic 
          formats, RMIT Harvard style does not do this because hyperlinked titles are not compatible with the 
          EndNote program. In addition, the links would not be available when the work is printed.
          CONTENTS
          IN-TEXT REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................5
               General rules...................................................................................................................................................................5
            BOOKS................................................................................................................................................6
               Book with one author.......................................................................................................................................................6
               Book with two authors.....................................................................................................................................................7
               Book with three or more authors.....................................................................................................................................7
               Book whose author is an organisation............................................................................................................................7
               Book with no author.........................................................................................................................................................8
               Multiple books by the same author.................................................................................................................................8
               Book chapter in an edited book.......................................................................................................................................8
               Edited book (book compiled by editor/s).........................................................................................................................8
               E-book.............................................................................................................................................................................9
               Encyclopedia or dictionary entry without an author........................................................................................................9
               Encyclopedia or dictionary entry with an author.............................................................................................................9
               Brochure or pamphlet....................................................................................................................................................10
               Exhibition catalogue......................................................................................................................................................10
            JOURNALS..........................................................................................................................................10
               Journal article with one author......................................................................................................................................10
               Journal article with two authors.....................................................................................................................................11
               Journal article with three or more authors.....................................................................................................................11
               Journal article with no author.........................................................................................................................................11
               e-Journal article.............................................................................................................................................................12
            NEWSPAPERS......................................................................................................................................12
               Print newspaper article..................................................................................................................................................12
               Print newspaper article with no author..........................................................................................................................12
               Newspaper article from a webpage or library database (HTML format).......................................................................13
               Newspaper article from a webpage or library database (HTML format) with no author...............................................13
            CONFERENCE PAPERS............................................................................................................................14
                                                                                   Available at: https://www.rmit.edu.au/library/study/referencing
                                                                                                         RMIT University Library
                                                                                                            Updated: July 2022
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                                                 RMIT Classification: Trusted
            SOCIAL MEDIA.....................................................................................................................................14
              Blog or blog post............................................................................................................................................................14
              Social media post..........................................................................................................................................................15
            WEBSITES AND WEBPAGE DOCUMENTS.....................................................................................................15
              Website / webpage........................................................................................................................................................16
              Webpage document (PDF)............................................................................................................................................16
            REPORTS AND DATA SETS.......................................................................................................................16
              Government or organisational report............................................................................................................................17
              Company, industry or market report from a library database.......................................................................................17
              Company, industry or market report from a website.....................................................................................................17
              Australian Bureau of Statistics report............................................................................................................................17
              Data set.........................................................................................................................................................................17
            STANDARDS AND PATENTS......................................................................................................................18
              Standard........................................................................................................................................................................18
              Patent............................................................................................................................................................................18
            THESES AND DISSERTATIONS....................................................................................................................18
            AUDIOVISUAL MATERIAL........................................................................................................................18
              Film / movie or television program................................................................................................................................18
              Podcast..........................................................................................................................................................................19
              YouTube video and other online streaming videos.......................................................................................................19
              Radio.............................................................................................................................................................................19
              Musical composition / sound recording.........................................................................................................................20
            IMAGES AND FIGURES...........................................................................................................................20
              General rules for artworks.............................................................................................................................................20
              Captions.........................................................................................................................................................................21
              In-text reference to artworks..........................................................................................................................................22
              Maps..............................................................................................................................................................................22
              Tables and diagrams.....................................................................................................................................................23
            OTHER SOURCES..................................................................................................................................24
              Case study.....................................................................................................................................................................24
              Lecture notes or course material...................................................................................................................................24
              Legal material................................................................................................................................................................25
              Media release................................................................................................................................................................26
              Personal communication...............................................................................................................................................26
              Student’s own work (previously submitted)...................................................................................................................27
         REFERENCE LIST..................................................................................................................................28
              General rules.................................................................................................................................................................28
            EXAMPLE REFERENCE LIST.......................................................................................................................29
            BOOKS..............................................................................................................................................30
              Book with one author.....................................................................................................................................................30
              Book with multiple authors............................................................................................................................................30
              Book whose author is an organisation..........................................................................................................................31
              Book with no author.......................................................................................................................................................31
              Multiple books by the same author(s)...........................................................................................................................31
              Book with an edition number.........................................................................................................................................32
              Book chapter in an edited book.....................................................................................................................................32
              Edited book (book compiled by editor/s).......................................................................................................................32
              E-book...........................................................................................................................................................................32
              Encyclopedia and dictionary entries..............................................................................................................................33
              Brochure or pamphlet....................................................................................................................................................34
              Exhibition catalogue......................................................................................................................................................34
            JOURNALS..........................................................................................................................................34
                                                                                Available at: https://www.rmit.edu.au/library/study/referencing
                                                                                                     RMIT University Library
                                                                                                        Updated: July 2022
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                                                 RMIT Classification: Trusted
              Journal article with one author......................................................................................................................................35
              Journal article with two authors.....................................................................................................................................35
              Journal article with three or more authors.....................................................................................................................35
              Journal article with no author........................................................................................................................................36
              e-Journal article.............................................................................................................................................................36
            NEWSPAPERS......................................................................................................................................37
              Print newspaper article..................................................................................................................................................37
              Print newspaper article with no author..........................................................................................................................37
              Newspaper article from a webpage (HTML format)......................................................................................................37
              Newspaper article from a webpage (HTML format) with no author..............................................................................38
              Newspaper article from a library database (HTML format)...........................................................................................38
              Newspaper article from a library database (HTML format) with no author...................................................................38
            CONFERENCE PAPERS............................................................................................................................39
              Published conference paper from a library database...................................................................................................39
              Published conference paper from a webpage..............................................................................................................39
              Unpublished conference paper.....................................................................................................................................40
              Print conference paper..................................................................................................................................................40
            SOCIAL MEDIA.....................................................................................................................................40
              Blog or blog post............................................................................................................................................................40
              Social media post..........................................................................................................................................................41
            WEBSITES AND WEBPAGE DOCUMENTS.....................................................................................................42
              Website / webpage........................................................................................................................................................42
              Webpage document (PDF)............................................................................................................................................43
            REPORTS AND DATA SETS.......................................................................................................................43
              Government report........................................................................................................................................................43
              Australian Bureau of Statistics report............................................................................................................................44
              Report by an organisation (organisational report)........................................................................................................44
              Company, industry or market report from a Library database......................................................................................45
              Company, industry or market report from a website.....................................................................................................45
              Data set.........................................................................................................................................................................46
            STANDARDS AND PATENTS......................................................................................................................46
              Standard........................................................................................................................................................................46
              Patent............................................................................................................................................................................47
            THESES AND DISSERTATIONS....................................................................................................................47
              Thesis or dissertation from a Library database.............................................................................................................47
              Thesis or dissertation from an institutional repository or other websites......................................................................47
              Print thesis or dissertation.............................................................................................................................................48
            AUDIOVISUAL MATERIAL........................................................................................................................48
              Television program........................................................................................................................................................48
              Film / movie...................................................................................................................................................................48
              YouTube video and other online streaming videos.......................................................................................................49
              Podcast..........................................................................................................................................................................49
              Radio.............................................................................................................................................................................50
              Musical composition / sound recording.........................................................................................................................50
            IMAGES AND FIGURES...........................................................................................................................51
              Artwork...........................................................................................................................................................................51
              Maps..............................................................................................................................................................................52
              Tables and diagrams.....................................................................................................................................................52
            OTHER SOURCES..................................................................................................................................53
              Case study.....................................................................................................................................................................53
              Lecture notes or course material...................................................................................................................................53
              Legal material................................................................................................................................................................53
              Media release................................................................................................................................................................54
              Student's own work (previously submitted)...................................................................................................................55
                                                                                Available at: https://www.rmit.edu.au/library/study/referencing
                                                                                                     RMIT University Library
                                                                                                        Updated: July 2022
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                                                 RMIT Classification: Trusted
              Interview........................................................................................................................................................................55
              Personal communication...............................................................................................................................................55
              Works in the original language (non-English)...............................................................................................................55
                                                                                Available at: https://www.rmit.edu.au/library/study/referencing
                                                                                                     RMIT University Library
                                                                                                        Updated: July 2022
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