Chapter10-Control Statements                                             I PUC,MDRPUC, Hassan
           Chapter-10
                                        CONTROL STATEMENTS
            Introduction
              Control statements are statements that alter the sequence of flow of instructions.
              Any single input statement, assignment and output statement is simple statement.
              A group of statement that are separated by semicolon and enclosed within curled braces { and } is
               called a block or compound statement.
              The order in which statements are executed in a program is called flow of control.
            Types of control statements:
              C++ supports two basic control statements.
                   o Selection statements
                   o Iteration statements
            Selection Statements:
              This statement allows us to select a statement or set of statements for execution based on some
               condition.
              It is also known as conditional statement.
              This structure helps the programmer to take appropriate decision.
              The different selection statements, viz.
                   o if statement
                   o if–elsestatement
                   o Nested–ifstatement
                   o switch statement
            ifstatement:
              This is the simplest form of if statement.
              This statement is also called as one-way branching.
              This statement is used to decide whether a statement or set of statements should be executed or
               not.
              The decision is based on a condition which can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE.
              The general form of simple – if statement is:
                   if (Test Condition)      // This Condition is true
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          Chapter10-Control Statements                                   I PUC,MDRPUC, Hassan
                       Statement 1;
                Statement 2;
            Here, the test condition is tested which results in either a TRUE or
             FALSE value. If the result of the test condition is TRUE then the
             Statement 1 is executed. Otherwise, Statement 2 is executed.
          Ex:   if( amount > = 5000 )
                       discount = amount * (10/100);
                net-amount = amount – discount;
          Practical Program 5: Write a C++ program to find the largest, smallest
          and second largest of three numbers using simple if statement.
          #include
          #include
          void main( )
          {
                int a, b, c;
                int largest, smallest, seclargest;
                clrscr( );
                cout<<”Enter the three numbers”<>a>>b>>c;
                largest = a;                            //Assume first number as largest
                if(b>largest)
                       largest = b;
                if(c>largest)
                       largest = c;
                smallest = a;                           //Assume first number as smallest
                if(b
            #include
            void main( )
            {
                    float TAmount, discount, FAmount ;
                    clrscr( );
                    cout<<”Enter the Total Amount”<>TAmount;
                    discount = 0;                                           //Calculate Discount
                    if(TAmount>1000)
                            Discount = (8/100) *  TAmount;
                    FAmount = TAmount–Discount                              //Calculate Final Amount
                    cout<<”Toatal Amount = “<
          #include
          void main( )
          {
                int year ;
                clrscr( );
                cout<<”Enter the Year in the form YYYY”<>year;
                if(year%4 ==0 && year%100!=0 || year%400 ==0)
                       cout<
          #include
          void main( )
          {
                char ch ;
                clrscr( );
                cout<<”Enter the Character”<>ch;
                if(ch>= ƒA„ && ch <=„Z„)
                       cout<= ƒa„ && ch <=„z„)
                       cout<