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©FAO Marco Longari
INTEGRATING AGRO-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INCREASE
RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND IMPROVE SUSTAINABLE
FOOD SYSTEMS IN WEST AFRICA AND THE SAHEL
March 2022
SDGs:
Countries: Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, the Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, the Niger, Nigeria,
Senegal and Sierra Leone
Project Code: TCP/SFW/3703
FAO Contribution: USD 247 000
Duration: 27 December 2019 –31 December 2021
Contact Info: FAO SubregionalOffice for West Africa
FAO-SFW@fao.org
INTEGRATING AGRO-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INCREASE TCP/SFW/3703
RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND IMPROVE SUSTAINABLE
FOOD SYSTEMS IN WEST AFRICA AND THE SAHEL
ImplementingPartners BACKGROUND
Sectoral ministries of the environment, agriculture, The role agro-ecology plays in dealing with the food and
livestock, water management and fisheries. climate crises, by enhancing local biodiversity and natural
Beneficiaries resource conservation, is increasingly clear. It responds to
Farmers and the population at large; concerned the triple challenge facing the agriculture sector: poverty
stakeholder entities in the ten targeted countries. eradication, increased productivity, and sustainability.
CountryProgrammingFramework(CPF)Outputs However,WestAfricaandtheSahellacksufficientnational
andsubregional data on agro-ecology; and this hinders the
Burkina Faso, CPF 2017-2020: Priorities 1 (Food and implementation of policies to support systems for applying
nutritional security and resilience of vulnerable the best solutions for soil conservation, biodiversity, water
populations to climate change) and 3 (Improvement of andcommunityempowermentatthelocallevel.
incomes among rural populations through sustainable and To support agro-ecological transition initiatives, the
efficient agricultural and food systems). project was tasked with developing a ten-year programme
Côte d’Ivoire, CPF 2018-2021: Priority 1 (Improve the to promote agro-ecology in West Africa and the Sahel,
productivity, sustainability and resilience of involving ten of the region’s countries.
agrosylvopastoraland fishery operations).
The Gambia, CPF 2018-2021: Priorities 1 (Enhance the IMPACT
enabling environment and capacity development for The ten-year programme to promote agro-ecology will
increased, sustainable and diversified agricultural and strengthen the agrosylvopastoral and fishery sectors, to
fisheries production and nutrition), 2 (Sustainable natural underpin food and nutritional security, reduce rural
resource management for climate change adaptation and poverty, and conserve natural resources. It will hasten
mitigation) and 4 (Strengthened resilience and capacities the transformation of food systems in order to overcome
for disaster risk reduction and management, and climate the many challenges facing the region, including hunger
changeadaptationandmitigation). and malnutrition, poverty, climate change, environmental
Ghana, CPF 2018-2022: Priorities 2 (Sustainable natural degradation, loss of biological diversity, gender
resource management for a safe, secure and productive inequalities, public health, and access to water resources.
environment) and 3 (Resilient livelihoods for reduced
vulnerability and rural poverty). ACHIEVEMENT OF RESULTS
Guinea, CPF 2018-2022: Priority 1 (Food and nutritional The project produced diagnostic surveys in ten countries
security, resilience of populations that are vulnerable to of the region, and feedback and validation workshops
crises and the effects of climate change). were organized in five of them (Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea,
Mali, CPF 2018-2022: Priorities 1 (Strengthen the Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone). The compilation of
resilience and social protection of populations that are national surveys has made it possible to analyse a regional
vulnerable to food and nutritional insecurity) and 2 context that varies greatly between countries, with some
(Sustainable intensification, diversification of production countries having partially launched a reform of their food
and development of agro-sylvo-pastoral and fishery value systems, others having laid the technical foundations, and
chains in Mali). others that prioritize their industrial production system. A
The Niger, CPF 2017-2020: Priority 2 (Support to great deal of research is being carried out in the field of
strengthen a political and institutional environment that agro-ecology, as stakeholders and populations recognize
is conducive to agricultural development, food and the need for sustainable transformation and better quality
nutritional security, and sustainable governance of natural food production/consumption. Many projects are already
resources). funding production tools and knowledge cocreation.
Nigeria, CPF 2018-2022: Priorities 2 (Support for The synthesis carried out has resulted in a proposed
appropriate and operationally effective agricultural policy intervention framework that harmonizes the initiatives
and regulatory frameworks) and 4 (Improve efficient and that are currently under way. A document on the ten-year
sustainable natural resource management and ecosystem programme for the promotion of agro-ecology in West
management). Africa and the Sahel has been developed and is awaiting
Senegal, CPF 2019-2023: Priority 3 (Sustainable validation by the Economic Community of West African
managementoftheenvironmentandnaturalresources). States (ECOWAS) and partners. Following the validation
Sierra Leone, CPF 2016-2019: Priority 2 (Responsible workshop, which is scheduled from 20 to 22 April 2022,
governanceandmanagementofnaturalresources). a donor round table will be organized by ECOWAS in
May2022,toseekfundingtoimplementtheprogramme.
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INTEGRATING AGRO-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INCREASE TCP/SFW/3703
RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND IMPROVE SUSTAINABLE
FOOD SYSTEMS IN WEST AFRICA AND THE SAHEL
The project provided an opportunity to strengthen 4. Technological sustainability
the role of the Tool for Agroecology Performance Agro-ecological principles take technological sustainability
Evaluation (TAPE) in the region, thus partially addressing into account. The recommended solutions are based on
the need for data and monitoring tools. A technical renewable energy sources, with solar energy
workshoponmonitoringtoolswillbeorganizedinApril. infrastructures (for example, solar pumps for irrigation)
IMPLEMENTATION OF WORK PLAN AND BUDGET being advocated for obtaining water for agriculture and
livestock.
Sound management of the project was hampered by the 5. Economic sustainability
outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, which made it very
difficult to recruit consultants, particularly the The proposed programme aims to mobilize external
international consultant who was to lead the project. funding.
Nonetheless, the relevant studies and analyses were
carried out, albeit later than originally scheduled (some
national diagnostic surveys started only a few months
before the end of the project). Despite a no-cost extension
of the project, the validation workshops could not be
organized in time and will be held after the end of the
project, as will the donor round table. The budget was
sufficient, but some major revisions were made.
FOLLOW-UPFORGOVERNMENT ATTENTION
The workshop to validate the proposed programme and
thedonorroundtablehaveyettotakeplace. ©FAO/Marco Longari
SUSTAINABILITY DOCUMENTSANDOUTREACHPRODUCTS
1. Capacity development AdamuTie-on. October 2019. National diagnostic
The ECOWAS agro-ecology association (3AO), along with survey – Mali. 25 pp.
several donors, have committed to continuing the actions A Boubacar Issa. December 2019. National diagnostic
already under way; and they will be involved at a later survey – Niger. 58 pp.
stage in the programme validation workshops with BabouAndré Bettino. June 2020. National diagnostic
survey – Burkina Faso. 122 pp.
partnersanddonors. Karim Serine Tourat. September 2020.
2. Gender equality National Diagnostic Survey – Gambia. 76 pp.
Data collection did not always take the gender dimension NaaminongKarbo. November 2020.
National Diagnostic Survey – Ghana. 130 pp.
into account, to obtain a representative balance of IbrahimaSylla. December 2021. National Diagnostic
participants. Survey – Senegal. 54 pp.
3. Environmentalsustainability Daniel Oulai. December 2021. National diagnostic
Data were collected on nature-based solutions for climate survey – Côte d’Ivoire. 51 pp.
change adaptation, mitigation and biodiversity Edward Kagbo. December 2021.
Diagnostic Survey – Guinea and Sierra Leone. 50 pp.
conservation, including local soil and water conservation Ade Oluwaand EffiomOku. December 2021.
methods (zai holes, half-moons, management of assisted National Diagnostic Survey – Nigeria. 128 pp.
natural regeneration, agroforestry), which can be adopted SébastienRegnaut. 2022. Programmeto promote
onalargerscale. agroecology in West Africa and the Sahel. 86 pp.
2
INTEGRATING AGRO-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INCREASE TCP/SFW/3703
RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND IMPROVE SUSTAINABLE
FOOD SYSTEMS IN WEST AFRICA AND THE SAHEL
ACHIEVEMENT OFRESULTS - LOGICAL FRAMEWORK
Expected Considered use of agro-ecological approaches contributes in a sustainable way to national food and
impact nutritional security, and to the eradication of hunger and rural poverty in the target countries
The integration of agro-ecological approaches in agriculture is effective in the targeted regions and a
relevant programme is developed
Indicator(s) Data on agro-ecology are collected in the countries, and a subregional programme
document is available.
Baseline 0
Outcome Final target An agro-ecological information system/report is available in the project’s target
countries.
Comments Data collection activities in the target countries were completed, and a document for
and follow-up the ten-year programme to promote agro-ecology in West Africa and the Sahel was
actions to be produced. This still needs to be validated by ECOWAS and partners. Following the
taken validation workshop, to be held from 20 to 22 April 2022, ECOWAS will organize a
donor round table to seek funding to implement the programme.
The diagnostic study report is
Output 1 Indicators Target Achieved
A baseline document is produced for the selected countries. One document. Yes
Baseline 0
Comments The basic document is available, despite the delay caused by the difficulties in recruiting the international
consultant and the national consultants.
The diagnostic surveys are conducted in each country and the report is produced
Achieved Yes
Diagnostic surveys were conducted in all ten countries. Nigeria was surveyed in two
Activity 1.1 geographically different surveys. Guinea and Sierra Leone were surveyed together,
Comments rapidly and without consultation, owing to a lack of data and because experts were not
available.
It should be noted that the knowledge products are of uneven quality.
A report feedback and validation workshop is held in each country
Achieved Partially
Activity 1.2 Workshops were held in five countries (Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea, Nigeria, Senegal and
Comments Sierra Leone), but not in the other countries owing to the travel restrictions imposed as
a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. These workshops can be held online, just before the
validation by ECOWAS of the document of the programme takes place in April 2022.
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