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©FAO Marco Longari INTEGRATING AGRO-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INCREASE RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND IMPROVE SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS IN WEST AFRICA AND THE SAHEL March 2022 SDGs: Countries: Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, the Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, the Niger, Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone Project Code: TCP/SFW/3703 FAO Contribution: USD 247 000 Duration: 27 December 2019 –31 December 2021 Contact Info: FAO SubregionalOffice for West Africa FAO-SFW@fao.org INTEGRATING AGRO-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INCREASE TCP/SFW/3703 RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND IMPROVE SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS IN WEST AFRICA AND THE SAHEL ImplementingPartners BACKGROUND Sectoral ministries of the environment, agriculture, The role agro-ecology plays in dealing with the food and livestock, water management and fisheries. climate crises, by enhancing local biodiversity and natural Beneficiaries resource conservation, is increasingly clear. It responds to Farmers and the population at large; concerned the triple challenge facing the agriculture sector: poverty stakeholder entities in the ten targeted countries. eradication, increased productivity, and sustainability. CountryProgrammingFramework(CPF)Outputs However,WestAfricaandtheSahellacksufficientnational andsubregional data on agro-ecology; and this hinders the Burkina Faso, CPF 2017-2020: Priorities 1 (Food and implementation of policies to support systems for applying nutritional security and resilience of vulnerable the best solutions for soil conservation, biodiversity, water populations to climate change) and 3 (Improvement of andcommunityempowermentatthelocallevel. incomes among rural populations through sustainable and To support agro-ecological transition initiatives, the efficient agricultural and food systems). project was tasked with developing a ten-year programme Côte d’Ivoire, CPF 2018-2021: Priority 1 (Improve the to promote agro-ecology in West Africa and the Sahel, productivity, sustainability and resilience of involving ten of the region’s countries. agrosylvopastoraland fishery operations). The Gambia, CPF 2018-2021: Priorities 1 (Enhance the IMPACT enabling environment and capacity development for The ten-year programme to promote agro-ecology will increased, sustainable and diversified agricultural and strengthen the agrosylvopastoral and fishery sectors, to fisheries production and nutrition), 2 (Sustainable natural underpin food and nutritional security, reduce rural resource management for climate change adaptation and poverty, and conserve natural resources. It will hasten mitigation) and 4 (Strengthened resilience and capacities the transformation of food systems in order to overcome for disaster risk reduction and management, and climate the many challenges facing the region, including hunger changeadaptationandmitigation). and malnutrition, poverty, climate change, environmental Ghana, CPF 2018-2022: Priorities 2 (Sustainable natural degradation, loss of biological diversity, gender resource management for a safe, secure and productive inequalities, public health, and access to water resources. environment) and 3 (Resilient livelihoods for reduced vulnerability and rural poverty). ACHIEVEMENT OF RESULTS Guinea, CPF 2018-2022: Priority 1 (Food and nutritional The project produced diagnostic surveys in ten countries security, resilience of populations that are vulnerable to of the region, and feedback and validation workshops crises and the effects of climate change). were organized in five of them (Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea, Mali, CPF 2018-2022: Priorities 1 (Strengthen the Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone). The compilation of resilience and social protection of populations that are national surveys has made it possible to analyse a regional vulnerable to food and nutritional insecurity) and 2 context that varies greatly between countries, with some (Sustainable intensification, diversification of production countries having partially launched a reform of their food and development of agro-sylvo-pastoral and fishery value systems, others having laid the technical foundations, and chains in Mali). others that prioritize their industrial production system. A The Niger, CPF 2017-2020: Priority 2 (Support to great deal of research is being carried out in the field of strengthen a political and institutional environment that agro-ecology, as stakeholders and populations recognize is conducive to agricultural development, food and the need for sustainable transformation and better quality nutritional security, and sustainable governance of natural food production/consumption. Many projects are already resources). funding production tools and knowledge cocreation. Nigeria, CPF 2018-2022: Priorities 2 (Support for The synthesis carried out has resulted in a proposed appropriate and operationally effective agricultural policy intervention framework that harmonizes the initiatives and regulatory frameworks) and 4 (Improve efficient and that are currently under way. A document on the ten-year sustainable natural resource management and ecosystem programme for the promotion of agro-ecology in West management). Africa and the Sahel has been developed and is awaiting Senegal, CPF 2019-2023: Priority 3 (Sustainable validation by the Economic Community of West African managementoftheenvironmentandnaturalresources). States (ECOWAS) and partners. Following the validation Sierra Leone, CPF 2016-2019: Priority 2 (Responsible workshop, which is scheduled from 20 to 22 April 2022, governanceandmanagementofnaturalresources). a donor round table will be organized by ECOWAS in May2022,toseekfundingtoimplementtheprogramme. 1 INTEGRATING AGRO-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INCREASE TCP/SFW/3703 RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND IMPROVE SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS IN WEST AFRICA AND THE SAHEL The project provided an opportunity to strengthen 4. Technological sustainability the role of the Tool for Agroecology Performance Agro-ecological principles take technological sustainability Evaluation (TAPE) in the region, thus partially addressing into account. The recommended solutions are based on the need for data and monitoring tools. A technical renewable energy sources, with solar energy workshoponmonitoringtoolswillbeorganizedinApril. infrastructures (for example, solar pumps for irrigation) IMPLEMENTATION OF WORK PLAN AND BUDGET being advocated for obtaining water for agriculture and livestock. Sound management of the project was hampered by the 5. Economic sustainability outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, which made it very difficult to recruit consultants, particularly the The proposed programme aims to mobilize external international consultant who was to lead the project. funding. Nonetheless, the relevant studies and analyses were carried out, albeit later than originally scheduled (some national diagnostic surveys started only a few months before the end of the project). Despite a no-cost extension of the project, the validation workshops could not be organized in time and will be held after the end of the project, as will the donor round table. The budget was sufficient, but some major revisions were made. FOLLOW-UPFORGOVERNMENT ATTENTION The workshop to validate the proposed programme and thedonorroundtablehaveyettotakeplace. ©FAO/Marco Longari SUSTAINABILITY DOCUMENTSANDOUTREACHPRODUCTS 1. Capacity development AdamuTie-on. October 2019. National diagnostic The ECOWAS agro-ecology association (3AO), along with survey – Mali. 25 pp. several donors, have committed to continuing the actions A Boubacar Issa. December 2019. National diagnostic already under way; and they will be involved at a later survey – Niger. 58 pp. stage in the programme validation workshops with BabouAndré Bettino. June 2020. National diagnostic survey – Burkina Faso. 122 pp. partnersanddonors. Karim Serine Tourat. September 2020. 2. Gender equality National Diagnostic Survey – Gambia. 76 pp. Data collection did not always take the gender dimension NaaminongKarbo. November 2020. National Diagnostic Survey – Ghana. 130 pp. into account, to obtain a representative balance of IbrahimaSylla. December 2021. National Diagnostic participants. Survey – Senegal. 54 pp. 3. Environmentalsustainability Daniel Oulai. December 2021. National diagnostic Data were collected on nature-based solutions for climate survey – Côte d’Ivoire. 51 pp. change adaptation, mitigation and biodiversity Edward Kagbo. December 2021. Diagnostic Survey – Guinea and Sierra Leone. 50 pp. conservation, including local soil and water conservation Ade Oluwaand EffiomOku. December 2021. methods (zai holes, half-moons, management of assisted National Diagnostic Survey – Nigeria. 128 pp. natural regeneration, agroforestry), which can be adopted SébastienRegnaut. 2022. Programmeto promote onalargerscale. agroecology in West Africa and the Sahel. 86 pp. 2 INTEGRATING AGRO-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INCREASE TCP/SFW/3703 RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND IMPROVE SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS IN WEST AFRICA AND THE SAHEL ACHIEVEMENT OFRESULTS - LOGICAL FRAMEWORK Expected Considered use of agro-ecological approaches contributes in a sustainable way to national food and impact nutritional security, and to the eradication of hunger and rural poverty in the target countries The integration of agro-ecological approaches in agriculture is effective in the targeted regions and a relevant programme is developed Indicator(s) Data on agro-ecology are collected in the countries, and a subregional programme document is available. Baseline 0 Outcome Final target An agro-ecological information system/report is available in the project’s target countries. Comments Data collection activities in the target countries were completed, and a document for and follow-up the ten-year programme to promote agro-ecology in West Africa and the Sahel was actions to be produced. This still needs to be validated by ECOWAS and partners. Following the taken validation workshop, to be held from 20 to 22 April 2022, ECOWAS will organize a donor round table to seek funding to implement the programme. The diagnostic study report is Output 1 Indicators Target Achieved A baseline document is produced for the selected countries. One document. Yes Baseline 0 Comments The basic document is available, despite the delay caused by the difficulties in recruiting the international consultant and the national consultants. The diagnostic surveys are conducted in each country and the report is produced Achieved Yes Diagnostic surveys were conducted in all ten countries. Nigeria was surveyed in two Activity 1.1 geographically different surveys. Guinea and Sierra Leone were surveyed together, Comments rapidly and without consultation, owing to a lack of data and because experts were not available. It should be noted that the knowledge products are of uneven quality. A report feedback and validation workshop is held in each country Achieved Partially Activity 1.2 Workshops were held in five countries (Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea, Nigeria, Senegal and Comments Sierra Leone), but not in the other countries owing to the travel restrictions imposed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. These workshops can be held online, just before the validation by ECOWAS of the document of the programme takes place in April 2022. 3
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