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AMARTYA SEN’S IDEA OF JUSTICE, AND ITS RELATIONS WITH JOHN RAWLS AND ADAM SMITH A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY UMUT DAĞ IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY SEPTEMBER 2015 i Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Meliha Altunışık Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts. Prof. Dr. Ş. Halil Turan Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts. Prof. Dr. Ş. Halil Turan Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Ş. Halil Turan (METU, PHIL) ________________________ Assoc. Prof. Dr. Barış Parkan (METU, PHIL) ________________________ Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ertuğrul R. Turan (A.Ü., PHIL) ________________________ ii I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Umut Dağ Signature : iii ABSTRACT AMARTYA SEN’S IDEA OF JUSTICE, AND ITS RELATIONS WITH JOHN RAWLS AND ADAM SMITH Dağ, Umut M.A., Department of Philosophy Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ş. Halil Turan September 2015, 74 pages The aim of this thesis is to examine Amartya Sen s idea of justice and its relation to John Rawls and Adam Smith. Amartya Sen s idea of justice could be seen as a critique of Rawls theory of justice as well as a proposal of a new approach instead. Sen s critique of Rawls theory of justice is basically based on the critique of transcendental institutionalism. Instead Sen offers the realization focused comparison as an alternative for the idea of justice. To explicate this alternative approach Sen introduces Adam Smith s impartial spectator. Sen believes that Adam Smith s impartial spectator plays an essential role in deciding for the standards of justice. Keywords: transcendental institutionalism, realization focused comparison, impartial spectator, theory of justice iv
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