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This project is funded by the European Union
REPORT
Regional Cooperation Council Secretariat ON THE STATE OF APPLICATION OF
Trg Bosne I Hercegovine 1/V DIGITAL ECONOMY
71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
T: + 387 33 561 700 SOCIETY INDEX (DESI)
www.rcc.intIN WESTERN BALKAN ECONOMIES
REPORT
Title: REPORT ON THE STATE OF APPLICATION OF DIGITAL ECONOMY ON THE STATE OF APPLICATION
SOCIETY INDEX (DESI) IN WESTERN BALKAN ECONOMIES
Publisher: Regional Cooperation Council OF DIGITAL ECONOMY SOCIETY
Trg Bosne i Hercegovine 1/V, 71000 Sarajevo
Bosnia and Herzegovina INDEX (DESI) IN WESTERN
Tel: +387 33 561 700; Fax: +387 33 561 701
E-mail: rcc@rcc.int BALKAN ECONOMIES
Website: www.rcc.int
Authors: Zoran Jordanoski and Morten Meyerhoff Nielsen, United Nations
University Operating Unit on Policy-Driven Electronic
Governance (UNU-EGOV)
Editor: Tanja Maraš, RCC
Design & Layout: Samir Dedić
April 2021
©RCC2021 All rights reserved.
DISCLAIMER:
The information and views set out in this report are those of the author(s)and do not necessarily
reflect the official opinion of the Regional Cooperation Council (RCC) or the European Commission.
The RCC or the Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this report.
Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commission’s behalf may be held responsible
for the use which may be made of the information contained therein.
REPORT ON THE STATE OF APPLICATION OF DIGITAL ECONOMY SOCIETY INDEX (DESI) List of Abbreviations
IN WESTERN BALKAN ECONOMIES
Content List of Abbreviations
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................................5 3G Third-generation technology
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................8 4G Fourth-generation technology
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................................9 5G Fifth-generation technology
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................10 AEC Agency for Electronic Communications (North Macedonia)
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................14 AIS Agency for Information Society (Kosovo*)
1.1. BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................15 AKEP Agency for Electronic Communications and Post (Albania)
1.2. OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORT .........................................................................................18 AL Albania
1.3. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY .............................................................................18 ARKEP Regulatory Authority of Electronic and Postal Communications (Kosovo*)
2. DIGITAL ECONOMY AND SOCIETY INDEX ........................................................................22 BA Bosnia and Herzegovina
2.1. STRUCTURE OF THE DESI ...............................................................................................23
2.2. METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS ....................................................................26 BCE Broadband Coverage in Europe
2.2.1. Indicator Requirements ............................................................................................26 BCO Broadband Competence Office (North Macedonia)
2.2.2. Data Sources and Methodologies ............................................................................26 BEREC Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications
2.2.3. Frequency of data collection ....................................................................................38 BHAS Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina
3. ASSESSMENT OVERVIEW .........................................................................................................40 CDMA Code-Division Multiple Access
3.1. STATE OF APPLICATION OF DESI INDICATORS IN WESTERN BALKAN CEFTA Central European Free Trade Agreement
ECONOMIES ......................................................................................................................41 COCOM Communication Committee Commission
3.1.1. Connectivity dimension ............................................................................................42 CRM European Commission Common Regional Market
3.1.2. Human capital dimension .........................................................................................44 DESI Digital Economy and Society Index
3.1.3. Use of internet services dimension..........................................................................45
3.1.4. Integration of digital technology dimension ............................................................46 DG CONNECT Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology
3.1.5. Digital public services dimension ..............................................................................46 DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications
CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................................50 DSL Digital Subscriber Lines
ANNEX 1: ECONOMY REPORTS ....................................................................................................53 eDAMIS Electronic Dataflow Administration and Management Information System
ALBANIA .....................................................................................................................................53 EDP European Data Portal
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ................................................................................................59 EEA European Economic Area
KOSOVO* ...................................................................................................................................65 EFTA European Free Trade Association
4 MONTENEGRO .........................................................................................................................71 eID Electronic identification 5
NORTH MACEDONIA ..............................................................................................................77 EKIP Agency for Electronic Communications and Postal Services (Montenegro)
SERBIA .......................................................................................................................................84 EU European Union
ANNEX 2: STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS PHASE .................................................................90 EU-LFS European Union – Labour Force Survey
ANNEX 3: QUESTIONNAIRE ...........................................................................................................92 * This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSC 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the
REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................94 Kosovo declaration of independence.
REPORT ON THE STATE OF APPLICATION OF DIGITAL ECONOMY SOCIETY INDEX (DESI) List of Abbreviations
IN WESTERN BALKAN ECONOMIES
Eurostat Statistical office of the European Union RCC Regional Cooperation Council
FIS Institute for Statistics of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina RS Serbia
FTTP Fiber to the premises RSIS Institute for Statistics of Republika Srpska
FWA Fixed wireless access SIM Subscriber Identity Module
GPRS General Packet Radio Service SMEs Small and medium-sized enterprises
GSM Global System for Mobile Communications SORS Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia
HSPA High Speed Packet Access SSO State Statistical Office (North Macedonia)
ICT Information and Communications Technology UK United Kingdom
INSTAT Institute of Statistics (Albania) UMTS Universal mobile telecommunications system
ISCED 2011 International Standard Classification of Education UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
ISCO International Standard Classification of Occupations UNESCO-UIS UNESCO Institute for Statistics
ISP Internet Service Provider UNU-EGOV United Nations University Operating Unit on Policy-Driven Electronic
KAS Kosovo* Agency of Statistics Governance
LFS Labour Force Survey UOE UNESCO OECD Eurostat
LTE Long Term Evolution USA United States of America
MAP REA Multi-annual Action Plan for a Regional Economic Area USIM Universal Subscriber Identity Module
Mbps Megabits per second VDSL Very high bit rate digital subscriber line
ME Montenegro VHCN Very High Capacity Network
MISA Ministry of Information Society and Administration (North Macedonia) WB Western Balkans
MK North Macedonia XK* Kosovo*
MNO Mobile Network Operator
MONSTAT Statistical Office of Montenegro
MPA Ministry of Public Administration, Digital Society and Media (Montenegro)
MQ Eurostat Model Questionnaire
MKT Ministry of Transport and Communications of Bosnia and Herzegovina
(Bosnia and Herzegovina)
NAIS National Agency for Information Society (Albania)
NGA Next Generation Access
NRA National Regulatory Authority
6 NSI National Statistical Institute 7
NUTS Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
RAK Communications Regulatory Agency (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
RATEL Republic Agency for Electronic Communications and Postal Service (Serbia)
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