DG ENVIRONMENT 
         Economic Analysis of 
         Resource Efficiency Policies  
         Final report 
         August 2011 
                                                                                                                                    COWI A/S 
                                                                                                                                    Parallelvej 2 
                                                                                                                                    DK-2800  Kongens Lyngby 
                                                                                                                                    Denmark 
                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                    Tel  +45 45 97 22 11 
                                                                                                                                    Fax +45 45 97 22 12 
                                                                                                                                    www.cowi.com 
                                                                                                                                     
                                                     DG ENVIRONMENT 
                                                     Economic Analysis of 
                                                     Resource Efficiency Policies  
                                                     Final report 
                                                     August 2011 
                                                      
                     Document no.    3 
                     Version 1.2 
                     Date of issue   2 August 2011 
                      
                     Prepared        Victor Hug, Lillah Lucie Emmik Sørensen, Bettina Bahn-Walkowiak, 
                      Rob Williams  
                     Checked         Christina van Breugel 
                     Approved        Christina van Breugel 
              Economic Analysis of Resource Efficiency Policies                                                                                              1 
               
                                     Table of Contents 
                                     Executive summary                                                      4 
                                     1       Introduction 16 
                                     1.1     Objective and scope of the study                              16 
                                     1.2     Background 17 
                                     1.3     Limitations 22 
                                     1.4     Outline of report                                             22 
                                     2       Typology 24 
                                     2.1     Overview of existing typologies                               25 
                                     2.2     Typologies used for this study                                28 
                                     3       Methodology and definitions                                   35 
                                     3.1     Basic elements of approach                                    35 
                                     3.2     Data collection                                               44 
              D:\temp\Economic Analysis Final report_final.docx                                                                                        .       
               Economic Analysis of Resource Efficiency Policies                                                                                                2 
                
                                     4        Potential 49 
                                     5        Policies gathered                                              56 
                                     5.1      Criteria for selection of cases                                60 
                                     6        Case studies                                                   64 
                                     6.1      Aggregates levy/UK                                             64 
                                     6.2      PIUS-Check in North Rhine-Westphalia                           66 
                                     6.3      NISP in the UK                                                 69 
                                     6.4      Aluminium beverage can recycling policies in Belgium and Sweden          72 
                                     6.5      Sustainable clothing roadmap/UK                                75 
                                     6.6      Green supplier network/US                                      76 
                                     6.7      Murray Darling Basin/Australia                                 79 
                                     6.8      Food waste reduction/South Korea                               81 
                                     6.9      Basic policy on promoting green purchasing and green purchasing network (GNP)/Japan           83 
                                     7        Conclusions and recommendations for identifying and realising the resource efficiency 
                                              potential in Europe                                            86 
                                     7.1      Categorisation of issues and factors determining the success of resource efficiency policies 86 
                                     7.2      Identification of potential net economic benefits to the EU economy and future impact of policies 87 
                                     7.3      Conclusions drawn from case studies                            88 
                                     7.4      Guidance of future analysis of economic impacts of resource policies  92 
                                     8        Literature                                                     94 
                                      
                                      
               D:\temp\Economic Analysis Final report_final.docx                                                                                          .