By 
                     Sushma Jyoti, Assist. Professor 
                    S. Sinha College, Aurangabad 
                          B.Ed. Department,  
                                     
         National Curriculum Framework (NCF 2005) 
         The  National  Curriculum  Framework  2005  (NCF  2005)  is  the  fourth 
         National Curriculum Framework published in 2005 by the National Council of 
         Educational Research and Training (NCERT) in India. Its predecessors were 
         published in 1975, 1988, 2000.  
         The  NCF  2005  serves  as  a  guideline  for  syllabus,textbooks,  and  teaching 
         practices  for  the  schools  in  India.  The  NCF  2005as  based  its  policies  on 
         previous government reports on education, such as Learning Without Burden 
         and National Policy of Education 1986–1992, and focus group discussion. After 
         multiple  deliberations  21  National  Focus  Group  Position  Papers  have  been 
         published to provide inputs for NCF 2005. NCF 2005 and its offshoot textbooks 
         have come under different forms of reviews in the press.  
         Its draft document was criticized by the Central Advisory Board of Education 
         (CABE). In February 2008, Krishna Kumar, then the director of NCERT, also 
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         discussed the challenges faced by the document in an interview.  The subjects 
         of  NCF  2005  include  all  educational  institutions  in  India.  A  number  of  its 
         recommendations,  for  example,  focus  on  rural  schools.  The  syllabus  and 
         textbooks based on it are being used by all the CBSE schools and multiple state 
         schools. NCF 2005 has been translated into 22 languages and has influenced the 
         syllabus in 17 states. The NCERT provided a grant of ₹10,00,000 to all states 
         to promote NCF in their local language and to compare its current syllabus with 
         the syllabus proposed, so that a plan for future reforms could be made. This 
                    exercise is being executed with the support of State Councils for Educational 
                    Research  and  Training  (SCERT)  and  District  Institutes  of  Education  and 
                    Training 
                    The NCF was framed Considering the articulated ideas in the past such as 
                         •    To shift learning from rote method . 
                         •    Connecting knowledge to life outside the school. 
                         •    To  integrate  examination  into  classroom  learning  and  make  it  more 
                              flexible. 
                         •    To enrich the curriculum so that it goes beyond textbooks. 
                         •    Nurturing an over-riding identity informed by caring concerns within the 
                              democratic polity of the country 
                         NCF focused on 
                         •    Learning without burden to make learning a joyful experience and move 
                              away from textbooks to be a basis for examination and to remove stress 
                              from children. It recommended major changes in the design of syllabus. 
                         •    To develop a sense of self-reliance and dignity of the individual which 
                              would for the basis of social relationship and would develop a sense of 
                              nonviolence and oneness across the society. 
                         •    To  develop  a  child  centered  approach  and  to  promote  universal 
                              enrollment and retention up to the age of 14. 
                         •    To inculcate the feeling of oneness, democracy and unity in the students 
                              the curriculum is enabled to strengthen our national identity and to enable 
                              the new generation reevaluate. 
                         •    J. P. Nayak has described equality, quality and quantity as the exclusive 
                              triangle for Indian education. 
                         •    With respect to social context NCF 2005 has ensured that irrespective of 
                              caste, creed, religion and sex all are provided with a standard curriculum. 
                    Learning and knowledge 
                    Learning should be an enjoyable act where children should feel that they are 
                    valued and their voices are heard. The curriculum structure and school should 
                    be designed to make school a satisfactory place for students to feel secure and 
                    valued. The curriculum should focus on the holistic development of the students 
                    to enhance physical and mental development in individuals and as well as with 
                    the peer interactions.  
                    In  order  to  bring  about  the  overall  development  of  the  students,  adequate 
                    nutrition,  physical  exercise  and  other  psycho  social  needs  are  addressed  the 
                    participation in yoga and sports is required. learning should be made enjoyable 
                    and should relate to real life experiences learning should involve concepts and 
                    deeper  understanding.  Adolescence  is  a  vulnerable  age  for  students  and  the 
                    curriculum  should  prepare  the  students  and  provide  support  for  social  and 
                    emotional  support  that  will  inculcate  positive  behavior  and  provide  skills 
                    essential to cope with situations that they encounter in their lives, peers pressure 
                    and gender stereotype.  
                    Inclusive education to be given priority and flexibility to follow a curriculum to 
                    suit the needs of every student irrespective of students having disabilities.  
                    Constructive  learning  has  to  be  part  of  the  curriculum.  Situations  and 
                    opportunities  have  to  be  created  for  students  to  provide  students  with 
                    challenges, encourage creativity and active participation for students. Students 
                    have to be encouraged to interact with peers, teachers and older people which 
                    would open up many more rich learning opportunities.  
             The  foundation  should  be  laid  strong  and  firm.  primary,  upper  primary  and 
             middle school should provide the space for children to explore and develop 
             rational thinking that they would imbibe in them and have sufficient knowledge 
             of concepts, language, knowledge, investigation and validation procedures.  
             Curricular area, School stages and assessment[edit] 
             Language  -  Three  language  formula  system  to  be  followed.  medium  of 
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             communication  should  be  the  home  language.     The  First  language  to  be 
             studied  must  be  the  mother  tongue  or  the  regional  language.  The  Second 
             language – In Hindi speaking States, the second language will be some other 
             modern Indian language or English, and – In non-Hindi speaking States, the 
             second  language  will  be  Hindi  or  English.  The  Third  language  –  In  Hindi 
             speaking States, the third language will be English or a modern Indian language 
             not studied as the second language, and – In non-Hindi speaking States, the 
             third language will be English or a modern Indian language not studied as the 
             second language. 
             Mathematics -The emphasis for learning mathematics is that all students can 
             learn the need to learn mathematics.Pedagogy and learning environment have to 
             be made favorable for students to develop interest by going far beyond basic 
             skills  and  include  variety  of  mathematics loving  models by pedagogy which 
             devotes a greater percentage of instructional time to problem solving and active 
             learning.mathematics makes learner systematic, confidential,self evaluated,self 
             esteem, self reliable etc. 
             Computers  -  Introduction  of  computers  in  schools  is  to  move  from  a 
             predetermined set of outcomes and skill  sets to one that enables students to 
             develop  16  explanatory  reasoning  and  other  higher-order  skills.  •  Enable 
             students to access sources of knowledge, interpret them, and create knowledge