REPORT OF THE SECONDARY EDUCATION COMMISSION 
                                          
                           MUDALIAR COMMISSION REPORT 
                                          
                                          
                                          
                                          
                                          
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
                                          
                              OCTOBER 1952 TO JUNE 1953 
                                          
                                          
                                          
                                          
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
                                          
                                          
                                          
                               MINISTRY OF EDUCATION 
                               GOVERNMENT OF INDIA 
               
                                                                                                                                          
                                                     Table of Contents 
                      
                     
                           Introductory        1 
                           Appraisal of the Existing Situation                          8 
                           Reorientation of Aims and Objectives                         17 
                           New organisational Pattern of Secondary Education            21 
                           Study of Languages      46 
                           Curriculum in Seciondary Schools    59 
                           Dynamic Methods of Teaching                                  83 
                           The Education of Character      97 
                           Guidance and Counselling in Secondary Schools                107 
                           The Physical Welfare of Students                             111 
                           A New Approach to Examination and Evaluation                 117 
                           Improvement of the Teaching Personnel                        127                                                   
                           Problems of Administartion     146 
                           Finance       174 
                           The Secondary School as we Visualize it                      181 
                           Conslution       188 
                           Summary of Recommendations    192 
                                   Appendix 1. Government of India Resolution                                    
                                   Appointing the Secondary Education Commission  207 
                    MUDALIAR COMMISSION REPORT                                                               ii   
                                                                                                                                      
                                 Appendix 2. Copy of Questionnaire                209 
                                 Appendix 3. Tour Programme of the Commission   220 
                                 Appendix 4. List of Bodies and Individuals who                                    
                                 gave oral Evidence or submitted Memoranda or                            
                                 Otherwise Assisted the Commission                223 
                                 Appendix 5. Statistics Regarding Number of                                       
                                 Primary  and Secondary Schools (Middle, High                                        
                                 and Higher) Enrolemnt and Expenditure            247  
                                 Appendix 6. Note on Agricultural Education                                                          
                                 in the U.S.A.      251  
                                 Appendix 7. Specimen Form of Cumulative                                                        
                                 Record       253   
                                      
                                 Appendix 8. Specimen Copy of the Secondary                                        
                                 School-Leaving Certificate used by Madras                                    
                                 Government       259 
                                 Appendix 9. Scheme Regarding Pension-cum-                                       
                                 provident Fund-cum-Insurance   265 
                                 Appendix 10. Smith Hughes Act of the U.S.A       268 
                         Administartive set-up of the State Department of                                                 
                         Education       276 
                          
                  MUDALIAR COMMISSION REPORT                                                        iii   
                                   CHAPTER- I 
                                 INTRODUCTORY 
            PREAMBLE, TERMS OF REFERENCE AND WORK OF THE COMMISSION  
            Appointment of the Commission  
            The Secondary Education Commission appointed by the Government of India in terms of 
            their Resolution No. F. 9-5/52-B-1, dated 23rd September 1952, (Appendix 1), having 
            completed its labours, presents the following Report based on its deliberations.  
            The Government of India, their communiqué quoted above, referred to the 
            recommendation of the Central Advisory Board of Education made at its 14th meeting 
            held in January 1948, that a Commission be appointed to examine the prevailing system 
            of Secondary Education in the country and suggest measures for its re-organization and 
            improvement. The Board reiterated its recommendation in January 1951. The 
            Government of India had also other considerations in mind when appointing this 
            Commission, such as the desirability of changing over from the prevailing system of 
            secondary education which is unilateral and predominantly academic in nature to one 
            which will cater at the secondary stage for different aptitudes and interests. The 
            Commission appointed by the Government of India consisted of the following:  
            1. DR. A. LAKSHMANSWAMI MUDALIAR Vice-Chancellor, Madras University, 
            (Chairman)  
            2. PRINCIPAL JOHN CHRISTIE Jesus College, Oxford  
            3. DR. KENNETH RAST WILLIAMS Associate Director, Southern Regional Education 
            Board,  
            Atlanta (U.S.A.)  
            4. MRS. HANSA MEHTA Vice-Chancellor, Baroda University  
            5. SHRI J. A. TARAPOREWALA Director of Technical Education Government of 
            Bombay  
            6. DR. K. L. SHRIMALI Principal, Vidya Bhavan Teachers' Training College, Udaipur  
            7. SHRI M. T. Vyas Bombay  
            8. SHRI K. G. SAIYDAIN Joint Secretary to the Government of India Ministry of 
            Education (Ex-officio Member)  
            9. PRINCIPAL A. N. BASU Central Institute of Education Delhi (Member-Secretary)