Volume 17, Number 3            Print ISSN:  1095-6328 
                                     Online ISSN:  1528-2643 
        
        
        
        
        
           ACADEMY OF EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP 
                        JOURNAL 
                            
        
        
        
                       Michael Shurden 
                         Co-Editor 
                       Lander University 
        
                       Susan Shurden 
                         Co-Editor 
                       Lander University 
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
          The  Academy of Educational Leadership Journal is owned and published by 
          Jordan Whitney Enterprises, Inc..  Editorial content is under the control of the 
          Allied Academies, Inc., a non-profit association of scholars, whose purpose is to 
          support and encourage research and the sharing and exchange of ideas and 
          insights throughout the world 
          . 
         
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           Authors execute a publication permission agreement and assume all liabilities.  
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           of manuscripts for publication from among those submitted for consideration.  
           The Publishers accept final manuscripts in digital form and make adjustments 
           solely for the purposes of pagination and organization. 
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
           The  Academy of Educational Leadership Journal is owned and published by 
           Jordan Whitney Enterprises, Inc. 51 Blake Drive, Arden, NC 28704, USA. Those 
           interested in communicating with the Journal, should contact the Executive 
           Director of the Allied Academies at info@.alliedacademies.org. 
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
              Copyright 2013 by Jordan Whitney Enterprises, Inc., Arden NC, USA 
          
        Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, Volume 17, Number 3, 2013 
                                                                                                                       Page iii 
                                 
                                           EDITORIAL REVIEW BOARD 
                                                                         
                    M. Meral Anitsal                                        Kazoos Ardalan 
                    Tennessee Tech University                               Marist College 
                    Cookeville, Tennessee                                   Poughkeepsie, New York 
                    Katherine Barker                                        Debbie Beard 
                    University of South Florida, St. Petersburg             Southeast Missouri State University 
                    St. Petersburg, Florida                                 Cape Girardeau, Missouri 
                    Jane Beese                                              Randall Bowden 
                    The University of Akron                                 Kaplan University 
                    Akron, Ohio                                             Hagerstown, Maryland 
                    Linda Bressler                                          Doug Cagwin 
                    University of Houston-Downtown                          Lander University 
                    Houston, Texas                                          Greenwood, South Carolina 
                    Royce Caines                                            James Cartner 
                    Lander University                                       University of Phoenix 
                    Greenwood, South Carolina                               Phoenix, Arizonia 
                    Charles Emery                                           Horace Fleming 
                    Lander University                                       Mercer University 
                    Greenwood, South Carolina                               Atlanta, Georgia 
                    Jerry Garrett                                           Elizabeth E. Grandon 
                    Marshall University Graduate College                    University of Bío-Bío 
                    Huntington, West Virginia                               Chile 
                    Doug Grider                                             Sanjay Gupta 
                    University of Arkansas-Fort Smith                       Valdosta State University 
                    Fort Smith, Arkansas                                    Valdosta, Georgia 
                    Rassule Hadidi                                          Jim Harbin 
                    University of Illinois at Springfield                   Texas A&M University-Texarkana 
                    Springfield, Illinois                                   Texarkana, Texas 
                    Michael Harris                                          Steve Harvey 
                    Eastern Michigan University                             Lander University 
                    Ypsilanti, Michigan                                     Greenwood, South Carolina 
                    Diana Haytko                                            Kevin R. Howell 
                    Missouri State University                               Appalachian State University 
                    Springfield, Missouri                                   Boone, North Carolina 
                    Robyn Hulsart                                           Kanata Jackson 
                    Austin Peay State University                            Hampton University 
                    Clarksville, Tennessee                                  Hampton, Virginia 
                    Jeff Jewell                                             Timothy Johnston 
                    Lipscomb University                                     Murray State University 
                    Nashville, Tennessee                                    Murray, Kentucky 
                                                         Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, Volume 17, Number 3, 2013 
                   Page iv 
                                              EDITORIAL REVIEW BOARD 
                                                                               
                      Ida M. Jones                                                 Raghu Korrapati 
                      California State University, Fresno                          Walden University 
                      Fresno, California                                           Blythewood, South Carolina 
                      Derrick Love                                                 Jeff Mankin 
                      Grand Canyon University                                      Lipscomb University 
                      Phoenix, Arizona                                             Nashville, Tennessee 
                      Asghar Nazemzadeh                                            Robert Pritchard 
                      University of Houston-Downtown                               Rowan University 
                      Houston, Texas                                               Glassboro, New Jersey 
                      Ganesan Ramaswamy                                            Danny L. Rhodes 
                      King Saud University                                         Anderson University 
                      Riyadh, Saudi Arabia                                         Anderson, Indiana 
                      Tony Santella                                                Mel Schnake 
                      Erskine College                                              Valdosta State University 
                      Due West, South Carolina                                     Valdosta, Georgia 
                      Barbara Schuldt                                              Robert W. (Bill) Service 
                      Southeastern Louisiana University                            Samford University 
                      Hammond, Louisiana                                           Birmingham, Alabama 
                      Susan Shurden                                                Neil Terry 
                      Lander University                                            West Texas A&M University 
                      Greenwood, South Carolina                                    Canyon, Texas 
                      Robert G. Tian                                               Marco Wolf 
                      Medaille College                                             The University of Southern Mississippi 
                      Buffalo, New York                                            Hattiesburg, Mississippi 
                        
                    
                     
                   Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, Volume 17, Number 3, 2013