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AN ANALYSIS OF METAPHOR IN EDGAR ALLAN POE’S POEMS
A THESIS
Submitted to English Language Teaching Department
Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty, Syekh Nurjati State Islamic Institute Cirebon
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of Undergraduate Degree
ADE PUADAH
Reg. Number: 14121310265
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING DEPARTMENT
TARBIYAH AND TEACHER TRAINING FACULTY
SYEKH NURJATI STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE CIREBON
2017
ABSTRACT
Ade Puadah. 14121310265. “An Analysis of Metaphor in Edgar Allan Poe’s
Poems”.
This research analyzed the types of metaphor and the meaning of metaphor in
Edgar Allan Poe’s poems. Metaphor is part of figurative language that compares one
thing to another. According to Lakoff and Johnson (1980) in the classical view,
metaphor can be defined as a figure of speech or trope in which a comparison is made
between two unlike things that share certain characteristics.
The aim of this research is to identify the types of metaphor and to analyzed the
meaning of each metaphor in Edgar Allan Poe’s poems. The methodology that used
based on Jacob and Ary (2010) is qualitative content analysis approach. Content
analysis focuses on analyzing and interpreting recorded material to learn about human
behavior. The techniques of qualitative method are used to collect and identify the
data or the poem. There were four steps in collecting the data of this research, that
are; analyzing, identification, classification and interpretation.
The results of this research were ten types of metaphor that found in Edgar
Allan Poe’s poems. The types of metaphor that found in this research are conceptual
metaphor, ontological metaphor, orientational metaphor, synesthetic metaphor,
standard metaphor, extended metaphor, animating metaphor, active metaphor,
submerged metaphor and implicit metaphor. The types of metaphor that often found
in this research were ontological metaphor. The meaning of each metaphor is
different depends on the types that used in the poem.
In conclusion, Edgar Allan Poe’s poems have high imagination inside the
poems. It has many metaphor that should be analyzed. The types and the meaning of
each metaphor that found in this research based on the Lakof& Jhonson (1980) and
Zoltan (2010) theories that lift the metaphor clearly. In addition, Edgar Allan Poe
wrote many poems that so mystic because it took of the experiencing of Poe. Besides
that, Poe also wrote the gothic, romantic, humor tales, satires and hoaxes.
Key words: Poems, Metaphor, Source domain and target domain
RATIFICATION
This thesis which entitled *AN ANALYSIS OF METAPIIOR IN EDGAR ALLAN
POE'S POEMS' written by Ade Puadah registered numbers 14121310265 has been
examinerl on February rcfi 20fi. It has been accepted by board examiners. It has been
recognized as one of requirements for Undergraduate Degree in English Language Teaching
Department at Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty, Syekh Nurjati State Islamic lnstitute
Cirebon.
Date Signature
The Head
of English Language Teaching Department
Surnadi. SS. M.. Hum DC- o>'zotT
NrP. 19701005 200003 I 002
The Secretary P
of English Language Teaching Department
Dra. IIi. Amroh Umaemah. M.Pd 66 - oZ -zotZ
NrP. 19661214 199303 2 003
Examiner I
Dr. Hi. Hurivah Saleh. M.Pd.
NrP. 19610112 198903 2 005
Examiner 2 - 05- btz
Dr.Ilman Nafi'a. N{.Ag OL
NIP: 19721220 199803 1 004
Supervisor I OL- ot-zon
Farouk Imam Arrasvid. M.Pd.I.. M.Pd
NrP. 19830420 200901 1 009
Supervisor 2
Sumadi. SS.. NI.Hum 06-o) - %17
NrP. I970100s 200003 1 002
Acknowledged by the Dean of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training Faculty
ic Institute Cirebon
I ii(
l'; i:,
+':.],
i,-ff
:xa---------------^ 1220199803 1 004
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE
ABSTRACT
APPROVAL
OFFICIAL NOTE
LETTER OF AUTHENTICITY
RATIFICATION
AUTOBIOGRAPHY
MOTTO
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. i
PREFACE ...................................................................................................... iii
TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................. iv
LIST OF TABLE ........................................................................................... vi
LIST OF APPENDIX .................................................................................... vii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research Background ..................................................................... 1
1.2 Focus of the Study .......................................................................... 3
1.3 Research Questions ........................................................................ 3
1.4 The Aims of the Research ............................................................. 3
1.5 Significance of the Research ......................................................... 3
1.6 Previous Research .......................................................................... 4
1.7 Theoretical Foundation ................................................................... 5
1.7.1 Literature.. ........................................................................... 5
1.7.2 Figurative Language ........................................................... 6
1.7.3 Metaphor ............................................................................. 8
1.7.4. The Poem ............................................................................ 19
1.8 Research Method ........................................................................... 20
1.8.1 Source Data ......................................................................... 20
1.8.2 Research Design ................................................................ 21
1.9 Research System ............................................................................ 22
1.9.1 Steps of the Research .......................................................... 22
1.9.2 Instruments and Technique of Collecting Research .......... 23
1.9.3 Data Analysis ...................................................................... 25
1.10 Research Timelines ........................................................................ 28
iv
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