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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORANGE TECHNOLOGIES
www.journalsresearchparks.org/index.php/IJOT e- ISSN: 2615-8140|p-ISSN: 2615-7071
Volume: 02 Issue: 12 | December 2020
Cognitive Linguistics and its interpretation in grammar
Jumanazarov Samandar Urinovich
Karshi Engineering Economic Institute English teacher
samandar9007a.gmail.com
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Karshi Engineering Economic Institute English teacher
Sha}}ÀhoµP[ l^Z]}À]Z
TIIAMI Karshi branch English teacher
sharopovulugbek@gmail.com
--------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------
Annotation: The relationship between human for every nation or ethnic group by means of different
events and events is closely linked to the practical concepts, frames and frames. It is important to recognize
application of the theory of cognitive theory. In fact, we that human language is "sound, sounds" and is a key
can think of things that are happening in the real world - component of cognitive linguistics because it is studied in
subjects, events, phenomena, based on our experience, cognitive phonetics and phonology, which is of great
knowledge and skills that have been generated over the importance in the formation of content.
years and, in this context, we will achieve a great deal of The relationship between human events and
loyalty. events is closely linked to the practical application of the
Key words: cognition, component, metaphased, theory of cognitive theory. In fact, we can think of things
conceptus, that are happening in the real world - subjects, events,
Introduction phenomena, based on our experience, knowledge and
Nowadays, the subject of "linguistic science" has skills that have been generated over the years and, in this
become very popular in linguistics. This is one of the most context, we will achieve a great deal of loyalty.
pressing topics of linguistics, which plays a major role in As you know, the work of knowledge begins with a
modern linguistics. The cognitive term is derived from the person's direct perception of reality. The perceptual
English word "cognition, understanding, understanding," perception creates a basis for the formation of the symbol
which is not limited to philosophical theory of thought, but of this reality in thought. During the process of perception
the link between language and reason, and the of the facts, there is an object-object approach, based on
psychological, biological and neuro physiological deeply the specific contradiction of the subject of the activity and
researching the relationship between aspects of social, the subject of the activity. All stages of the cognitive
cultural and linguistic phenomena. Cognitive Linguistics is activity are based on the same treatment.
associated with a wide range of areas such as In modern linguistics, the cognitive trend is
psycholinguistics, anthropology, ethno linguistics, and closely linked to lexical-semantic levels of analysis,
sociology. according to which language is a common cognitive
According Prof. to Sh. Safarov, the function of mechanism, but also the presentation of information in
cognitive linguistics is to study and preserve language with the form of cognitive character also.
language, to apply and communicate the language, and to In cognitive linguistics, mechanisms for the full
deeply engage in scientific research by linking the language acquisition of information by human cognitive structures
system and its contents to the human brain. A. Abduazizov and methods are studied. Indeed, words expressing
notes that the center of complex events, such as the intensity also serve to express their perception of the
formation, transmission, and memory consciousness, is existence. Understanding the meaning of the word is
carried out by brain neurons. The phonological means are not enough to know its semantic structure. We also need
greatly differentiated by the difference in the shape and to be aware of the peculiarities, thinking styles, and
content of different units of the language, and by features of the world through language elements. It is
identifying different national, cultural and social features difficult to put these tasks into pure linguistic analysis of
words. It also requires that the subject matter of the literal
© 2020, IJOT | Research Parks Publishing (IDEAS Lab) www.researchparks.org | Page 48
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORANGE TECHNOLOGIES
www.journalsresearchparks.org/index.php/IJOT e- ISSN: 2615-8140|p-ISSN: 2615-7071
Volume: 02 Issue: 12 | December 2020
situation be examined in order to understand the nature is the basic cell of the human mind. Concepts appear in the
and essence of the linguistic phenomenon, and the issues human mind not only based on the linguistic meaning of
that the speaker knows about him and that he can "cook" the word, but also on the cultural and historical experience
in his mind, and in his speech to the listener. of the individual and the whole nation.
As it is known, when one lives in a material The more the experience is, the larger the
world, he expresses his / her attitude to the surrounding boundaries of the concept. In this case, the concept can
entity (things, events, animals, and animals). For example, manifest itself in many ways. Knowing the concept world
the positive and negative features of animals and birds are means getting your own imagination.
likened to, relocated, or metaphased by language, to The conceptualization of intensity is the language
human life, morals and state of mind. These facts are process in which the linguistic units are processed
figuratively influencing human emotions and are sealed in meaning. The intensifier also applies to the word, which in
their minds. Such language interpretation reflects the turn affects the concept of that word.Concepts are seen as
approach to the subject in the cognitive aspect. the heritage of the community in the minds of the people,
In her article, Professor D. Ashurova points out its spiritual wealth and culture. It is the community's
the goals and objectives of cognitive linguistics, and urgent consciousness that is one of the most important tools to
issues that await their solution. ensure survival of the concept.
In particular, it is pointed out that the emergence The conventional concept and concept has its
of modern cognitive linguistics such as cognitive own distinctive and similar aspects. When the concept
phonology, cognitive grammar, cognitive lexicology, expresses the most important signs of what is happening
cognitive semantics. From the cognitive approach, in the material, the concept can also describe their
concepts such as word categories, categorization and superficial aspects. The word is interpreted by word. But
conceptualization of language units, knowledge of understanding and word are not exactly the same thing.
language and the world will have new interpretations. The The concept is based on a generalized and distinctive
basic concepts of cognitive linguistics include frames, characteristic of generalization of objects of a class.
scripts, scripts, classifications, concepts, A common understanding is expressed in different
conceptualizations, cognitive structures, cognitive languages by different words. For example:
metaphors. Basic research techniques include frame in English t water,
analysis, modeling (cognitive mapping), conceptual in the German language - wasser,
analysis. in Uzbek - suv,
In addition to this, it should be noted that today's in Russian - voda.
linguistics focuses on studying intermediate language These examples show that the meaning of the
units, such as frames, scripts, scripts, gestalts. The main word and the concept are interconnected. For this reason,
reason for this is that the problem of cognitive linguistics the words in the languages of different nationalities may
has its own place in our research. be in proportion to each other, in their own sense. Also,
One of the basic categories of cognitive linguistics the word is an expression of the concept and, on this basis,
is the concept. This term was widely used in the 90's of the translates from one language to another. Some scholars
XXth century. Concept is essentially a Latin conceptus, say that the concept and the meaning of the word match,
meaning "conception." The term "concept" is often used and in this sense, the meaning of the concept and the
as a synonym for the word "consciousness". The concept is word is essentially the same.
also used extensively in such subjects as mathematical This issue remains controversial. The question can be
logic, cultural studies, and psychology. asked: What is the meaning of the concept and the
As Y.S. Kubryakova noted, the term "concept" meaning of the word? Both describe and summarize the
serves as an "umbrella" for cognitive psychology and same subject or phenomenon. This cannot be separated
cognitive linguistics and linguoculturology, dealing with from each other.
issues such as pondering, understanding, data storage and The concept does not exist without the word and
processing. its meaning, and, conversely, is the expression of the
Language is one of the tools that shapes and concept, the idea. The meaning of the word is the
shapes the concept of human consciousness. The concept
© 2020, IJOT | Research Parks Publishing (IDEAS Lab) www.researchparks.org | Page 49
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORANGE TECHNOLOGIES
www.journalsresearchparks.org/index.php/IJOT e- ISSN: 2615-8140|p-ISSN: 2615-7071
Volume: 02 Issue: 12 | December 2020
language category, and the concept is different from each that is, cognitive semantics deny the principle of
other, as it is a category of thinking. "fundamental" meaning and pragmatic (social, cultural,
As it is known, the laws of thinking are related to and so) meanings. Thus, cognitive semantics does not
the objective world. The meaning of the concept is not distinguish words from pragmatic and semantic meanings.
dependent on nationality, it is of universal character. That Obviously, what the word means or the way words are
is why people of different nationalities can easily used to study the subject.
understand each other and exchange ideas. This is national One of the modern linguistic trends, the main
character; this is why the meaning of a word is not always purpose of cognitive grammar, is to "define the
compatible with the meaning of another language. relationship between language and language relationships
1
In his study, B.Ismoilov said that although the through the use of linguistic means of understanding ".
concept of "table" in Russian is the same for the English The basic concept of cognitive grammar is the symbolic
and Russian people, it is in the same sense as "table" in feature of this grammar structure. Illustrated symbolic
2
English with its lexical meaning. It will not be accurate. In modeling is done using a grammatical structure . Symbolic
terms of linguistic meaning, the name and the meaning are structures can be integrated through definition of stress
3
closer to one another, but have a broader sense than links in complex speech information .
concept. For example, when explaining the meaning of the Studies have shown that cognitive grammar can be
word "table," we describe it as "a four-legged type of constructive in the structure of frames, conformable to
furniture that is used to write, write or eat." The concept constructive grammar. Cognitive grammar is widely used in
illustrates the most important aspects of the table. As a terms of imagination in the framework of the framework.
conceptual linguistic category, the concept of Freym is the structure of the concept (knowledge)
consciousness is a language system. unit consisting of interrelated slots.
The cognitive approach to grammar is modeled on In this case, the amount of slots corresponds to the
the nature of the language system. One of the linguists, number of cases being modeled. According to R. Langaker,
Ronald Langaker (1987, 1991), founded the cognitive identifying a word or frame will serve to activate that
approach to grammar, raised cognitive principles to a conceptual element.
linguistic level. The author tries to describe the context in The term cognitive linguistics is related to the
his Cognitive Grammar theory in general cognitology and English word "cognition." Thus, cognitiveism is related to
grammar. Filmmakers, Key (1988), Lakoff (1987) Goldberg linguistic change in mind, body, and world. Cognitive
(1995, 2006), Kroft (2002), focus on descriptive and processes are well-known in our minds, body movements,
meaningful linguistic connections in a particular language. and in our social and physical world. The first cognitive
These researchers are inventing language units. science that has emerged in philosophy is widely used in
They analyze words, ideomas and phosphatic compounds all fields of science. Including in linguistics. It is the center
from the morphology of the language in terms of of "language cognitive", which is fundamental to
structure, from the point of view of perception. systematic research in cognitive terms. In cognitive
Researchers in this direction tried to develop the linguistics, language is regarded as an integral part of
theory of constructive grammar. This general approach is human cognition.
based on the cognitive concept of formulas, which is called Cognitive Linguistics is a language cognitive tool,
constraction as the basic unit of the language. that is, a characteristic system that deals with learning as
If we compare cognitive semantics with cognitive
grammar, this is closer to pragmatic. The approach to
learning the meaning from cognitive point of view implies 1
the encyclopaedic approach to semantics. This ;_ehrZidh\Z L< Dh]gblb\gh-^bkdmjkb\gh_ hibkZggh_
contradiction is divided into the dictionary component and dZl_]hjbb Zki_dlmZevghklb \ kh\j_f_gghf jmkkdhf yaud_
:\lhj_n^hdnbegZmdFhkd\Z-k
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encyclopedic components in terms of the meaning of the K_fbdhe_dh\Z?BHlk_fZglbdbkblmZpbbdlbim\b^h\h]h
word. From a formal linguistic perspective, lexical ijlb\hihklZ\e_gbyjmkkdh]h]eZ]heZNbeheh]by-LZ\jbq
semantics can only be learned through the dictionary 1 2007. ±k-44.
3
component. From cognitive point of view, encyclopedic Filip H. Events and Maximalization. The Cfst of telicity and
semantics do not have pragmatic and semantic principles, Perfectivity // plaza/ ufe/ edu/hfilip/
© 2020, IJOT | Research Parks Publishing (IDEAS Lab) www.researchparks.org | Page 50
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORANGE TECHNOLOGIES
www.journalsresearchparks.org/index.php/IJOT e- ISSN: 2615-8140|p-ISSN: 2615-7071
Volume: 02 Issue: 12 | December 2020
4
an object of cognation and transformation . Cognitive the aspectual meaning is defined in the verb and the
Linguistics is a complex research topic that besides surrounding components, and does not necessarily imply
linguistics and psychology also summarizes scientific the character of the verb to be a strict grammatical
approaches to science such as art theory, category.
psycholinguistics, and neuro-logistics. It is well known that Supporters of this concept also agree with B. Cole's
the formation of speech units and their understanding are statement: "The meaning of progressive is broader than
the result of mental activity. The fulfillment of this activity procedural, and these forms are constantly expanding its
5
must have a direct linguistic knowledge . content in English. Today, these seemingly abnormalities
Determination of the language's mental processes may also indicate that these forms are incorporated into
is divided into two parts: the language of the human mind 6
another
and the language consciousness. Language is also a subject The list of used literature
that can and should be interacted with biological and
cultural events. Cognitive Linguistics is divided into two 1. ¥#(9 *!( ÃX¦X¶(&/&(--!1,-&((*- &&(
major areas: cognitive semantics and cognitive grammar. ! /(, -*!/1 #=&(-/ -(,%&&(% ,1--!(%
Cognitive semantics is studied in terms of the semantic A
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