What If They Don’t 
            Speak English? 
             
            For Primary & Secondary 
            Teachers 
                     
            This book is to serve as a 
            Resource Guide                                  
            for the educator 
            who has been assigned  
            students who speak  
            a language other than English 
            in their homes 
            and  
            have a limited proficiency in English 
             
            Compiled from various English as a Second Language Resources 
            by the MISD Bilingual/ESL Department 
            Suchiraphon McKeithen-Polish, Bilingual Education Consultant  
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            Help! 
             
            What do I do now? 
                          Que Pasa? 
                                       
                                       
             
             
             
             
             
             
            Information in this booklet is for classroom 
            teacher’s use, not to be sold, and has been compiled 
            from a variety of sources for English-as-a-Second 
            Language teaching from various Curriculum 
            Departments and Bilingual/ESL Program 
            manuals. 
                      
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                                                               TABLE OF CONTENTS  
                                                                                 
                                 Introduction …… 4 
                                 Strategies to use with ELL……..4-6 
                                           Buddy/Helpmate… 7-8 
                         
                                 Expressions in various languages ……….9-10 
                                 Activities for ELL within a regular classroom……… 11-12 
                         
                                 Factors affecting ELL in middle school and high school 
                          Language Factors: 13-14 
                                           Cultural Factors:  14-15 
                         
                                 Review of ESL teaching methods …………  22-28 
                         
                                 Primary Grades Methods 
                          Natural Approach………….. 28 
                          TPR………29 
                          Story Telling ………….35 
                          Story Reading…………36 
                         
                                 Direct teaching of speaking………….   37 
                                 Reading and Writing for Communication………………39 
                                 Higher Level Thinking Skills for ELL…………41 
                         
                                 The Shelter Instructional Observation Protocol, (SIOP)……. 45-60 
                         
                                 Experiencing Culture in the Classroom ……61 
                                  Becoming Culturally Aware ……….. 62-65 
                          
                                 Specifics About Diverse Cultural Communities 
                                           Middle East and Arabic ………….. 66 
                                           Mexican-American & Hispanic ……………68 
                                           Hmong …………..  71 
                          Vietnamese ……… 74 
                                           Chinese …………..  83 
                                 Cultural Etiquette Guidelines/ Gestures ………………..85 
                                  Resources and References ……………..88-89 
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                                                                            Working with ELL students Strategies Overview 
                                                                             
                                                                            1.  Videos – Show videos to students of particular subjects, stories or  
                                                                                                 plays to introduce and to finish the lesson 
                                                                             
                                                                            2.  Higher level of thinking skills instructional strategies – SIOP 
                                                                             
                                                                            3. Cultural Responsive Instruction – Use students diverse backgrounds in  
                                                                                                                                          creating lessons 
                                                                             
                                                                            4.  Hands-on activities – Bloom Ball Activity 
                                                                             
                                                                            5.  Music/Dance/Songs – Involvement 
                                                                             
                                                                            6.  Games – Cultural Bingo 
                                                                               
                                                                            7.  Reading/Writing activities – Journaling 
                                                                             
                                                                            8.  Role Play – News reporter/interviewer, characters 
                                                                             
                                                                            9.  Field Trips – Actual application 
                                                                             
                                                                            10. Pairing – Non English speaker/reader/writer paired with intermediate level 
                                                                                                  student who can speak the particular native language 
                                                                             
                                                                            11. Cooperative Learning – Group 3-4 with specific roles 
                                                                             
                                                                            12. Native language support - Tutors 
                                                                             
                                                                            13. Collaboration – Among teachers: ESL and mainstream teachers 
                                                                             
                                                                            14. Parental Involvement- Tutors as interpreters for communicating with    
                                                                                                                         parents. 
                                                                             
                                                                                                           
                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
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