Enjoyable Sanskrit Grammar Series 
                                    
              Volume 3 Derivatives (Panchavrttayah)  
                                   
                   Editor : Medhā Michika, AVG, Anaikatti  
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                             
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                   
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            Derrrriiiivvvvaaaattttiiiivvvveeeessss    (PPaaññccaavvṛttttaayyaaḥ)  
                             
                             
                             
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                    AAAAAVVVVVGGGGG     AAAAAnnnnnaaaaaiiiiikkkkkkkkkkaaaaattttttttttiiiii,,,,,     22222000001111166666 
                             
                             
       
      
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                            2 
      
                                                       Enjoyable Sanskrit Grammar - Volume 3 
                
                                                                      Table of Contents 
               Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 
                               $
               Topic I -  #%& (derived word) and %#+, (explanatory sentence)  ..................................................... 3 
                                                                                   $   
               Topic II - Brief Explanation of Five Types of #%&  ............................................................................... 4 
                                     8 $
                  1. 12345637-#%& (A new root derived from a root or a noun) .................................................... 4 
                       $   <$
                  2. ;7-#%& (A new nominal base derived from a root) .................................................................. 6 
                               $
                  3. 7%>7-#%& (A new nominal base derived from a nominal base) ............................................... 8 
                               $
                  4. 1@31-#%& (A new nominal base derived by compounding nouns) ...................................... 10 
                            F   $
                  5. D;EG-#%& (A new nominal base derived by keeping one word out of many) ................... 12 
                                   <
               Topic III - H7 letters in IJKs  ............................................................................................................... 14 
               Topic IV - Common Changes in MNs   ............................................................................................... 17 
                           8
                  A. 637 as MN ....................................................................................................................................... 17 
                          $                                                    <         <
                     1. #%> takes place when the IJK is %P7 or %Q7 ........................................................................... 17 
                              $                                  8
                     2. If #%> did not take place, SQ can take place .......................................................................... 18 
                                                 8       $                                   <         <
                     3. Prohibition of SQ & #%> when the IJK is %;7 or %V7 ........................................................... 18 
                  B. I3%7W%X; as MN ................................................................................................................................ 19 
                                 $      $
                     1. Z%X-#%> (#%> on the first vowel of the MN) takes place ......................................................... 19 
                                                             <     <          <
                     when the 7%>7-IJK is %P7, %Q7, or %;7 ........................................................................................ 19 
                                                     ]         ]                                                               <
                     2. [\W of the last M#Q or H#Q in MN when the 7%>7-IJK begins with “K” or a vowel .......... 20 
                           8                        ]                                                              <
                     3. SQ of the last `#Q in MN when the 7%>7-IJK begins with “K” or a vowel ....................... 20 
                           8    <              <                                                <          <
                     4. KaX and MbX in singular are changed into cX and @X. ..................................................... 21 
               Topic V - Hd3S@ (augment He)   .......................................................................................................... 22 
                                                           <
                
                    $
               Wf#%&-%#gh3 
               Topic VI - 123453 Derived Roots  ..................................................................................................... 23 
                  123%X-IJK3 (Suffixes to make a root) ............................................................................................ 23 
                                       <
                  1. %Qk5 (%Ql-IJK ending root) ..................................................................................................... 25 
                                     <
                  2. 125 (12-IJK ending root) ........................................................................................................ 28 
                             <
                     %mc@ (Reduplication) .................................................................................................................... 30 
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